Endophytic Fungi Accelerate Leaf Physiological Activity and Resveratrol Accumulation in <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> by Up-Regulating Expression of Associated Genes
<i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Sieb. et Zucc. is a major raw material for the extraction of drugs such as resveratrol, while the over-exploitation of <i>P. cuspidatum</i> decreases the yield and drug components. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of inoculation...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1220 |
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| author | Rui-Ting Sun Ze-Zhi Zhang Xiang-Cao Feng Nong Zhou Hai-Dong Feng Yi-Mei Liu Wiwiek Harsonowati Abeer Hashem Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah Qiang-Sheng Wu |
| author_facet | Rui-Ting Sun Ze-Zhi Zhang Xiang-Cao Feng Nong Zhou Hai-Dong Feng Yi-Mei Liu Wiwiek Harsonowati Abeer Hashem Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah Qiang-Sheng Wu |
| author_sort | Rui-Ting Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Sieb. et Zucc. is a major raw material for the extraction of drugs such as resveratrol, while the over-exploitation of <i>P. cuspidatum</i> decreases the yield and drug components. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of inoculation with root endophytic fungi <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> and <i>Piriformospora indica</i> singly or in combination in biomass production, physiological activities (e.g., chlorophyll, soluble protein, and gas exchange) and main medicinal ingredients of <i>P. cuspidatum</i>, accompanied by the expression levels of associated genes in resveratrol biosynthesis. Single and co-inoculation with <i>P. indica</i> significantly improved shoot and root biomass production, and single and co-inoculation with <i>F. mosseae</i> and <i>P. indica</i>, especially single <i>P. indica</i>, significantly promoted leaf chlorophyll and soluble-protein concentrations and improved leaf gas exchange, including photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. The application of endophytic fungi increased resveratrol and polydatin concentrations, while it affected chrysophanol, emodin, and physcion concentrations in a complex manner. In addition, <i>F. mosseae</i> inoculation and co-inoculation induced the expression of <i>PcCRS1</i>, <i>PcRS11</i>, <i>PcRS,</i> and <i>PcSTS</i>, and only single <i>F. mosseae</i> and <i>P. indica</i> inoculation up-regulated the expression of <i>PcCHS1</i> and <i>PcCHS2</i>. It was concluded that endophytic fungi accelerated biomass production, leaf physiological activity, and resveratrol accumulation in <i>P. cuspidatum</i>, which was associated with the up-regulation of related gene expression in resveratrol biosynthesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:29:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2fd596e680f24954a30a4487141bb658 |
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| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:29:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-2fd596e680f24954a30a4487141bb6582023-11-23T09:44:41ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-05-01125122010.3390/agronomy12051220Endophytic Fungi Accelerate Leaf Physiological Activity and Resveratrol Accumulation in <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> by Up-Regulating Expression of Associated GenesRui-Ting Sun0Ze-Zhi Zhang1Xiang-Cao Feng2Nong Zhou3Hai-Dong Feng4Yi-Mei Liu5Wiwiek Harsonowati6Abeer Hashem7Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah8Qiang-Sheng Wu9College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, ChinaShiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, ChinaCollege of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404120, ChinaShiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000, ChinaPharmacy Faculty, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, ChinaAgrobiology and Bioresources Department, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Tochigi, JapanBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaPlant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China<i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Sieb. et Zucc. is a major raw material for the extraction of drugs such as resveratrol, while the over-exploitation of <i>P. cuspidatum</i> decreases the yield and drug components. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of inoculation with root endophytic fungi <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> and <i>Piriformospora indica</i> singly or in combination in biomass production, physiological activities (e.g., chlorophyll, soluble protein, and gas exchange) and main medicinal ingredients of <i>P. cuspidatum</i>, accompanied by the expression levels of associated genes in resveratrol biosynthesis. Single and co-inoculation with <i>P. indica</i> significantly improved shoot and root biomass production, and single and co-inoculation with <i>F. mosseae</i> and <i>P. indica</i>, especially single <i>P. indica</i>, significantly promoted leaf chlorophyll and soluble-protein concentrations and improved leaf gas exchange, including photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. The application of endophytic fungi increased resveratrol and polydatin concentrations, while it affected chrysophanol, emodin, and physcion concentrations in a complex manner. In addition, <i>F. mosseae</i> inoculation and co-inoculation induced the expression of <i>PcCRS1</i>, <i>PcRS11</i>, <i>PcRS,</i> and <i>PcSTS</i>, and only single <i>F. mosseae</i> and <i>P. indica</i> inoculation up-regulated the expression of <i>PcCHS1</i> and <i>PcCHS2</i>. It was concluded that endophytic fungi accelerated biomass production, leaf physiological activity, and resveratrol accumulation in <i>P. cuspidatum</i>, which was associated with the up-regulation of related gene expression in resveratrol biosynthesis.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1220arbuscular mycorrhizamedicinal plant<i>Piriformospora indica</i>resveratrolresveratrol synthase |
| spellingShingle | Rui-Ting Sun Ze-Zhi Zhang Xiang-Cao Feng Nong Zhou Hai-Dong Feng Yi-Mei Liu Wiwiek Harsonowati Abeer Hashem Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah Qiang-Sheng Wu Endophytic Fungi Accelerate Leaf Physiological Activity and Resveratrol Accumulation in <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> by Up-Regulating Expression of Associated Genes Agronomy arbuscular mycorrhiza medicinal plant <i>Piriformospora indica</i> resveratrol resveratrol synthase |
| title | Endophytic Fungi Accelerate Leaf Physiological Activity and Resveratrol Accumulation in <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> by Up-Regulating Expression of Associated Genes |
| title_full | Endophytic Fungi Accelerate Leaf Physiological Activity and Resveratrol Accumulation in <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> by Up-Regulating Expression of Associated Genes |
| title_fullStr | Endophytic Fungi Accelerate Leaf Physiological Activity and Resveratrol Accumulation in <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> by Up-Regulating Expression of Associated Genes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endophytic Fungi Accelerate Leaf Physiological Activity and Resveratrol Accumulation in <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> by Up-Regulating Expression of Associated Genes |
| title_short | Endophytic Fungi Accelerate Leaf Physiological Activity and Resveratrol Accumulation in <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> by Up-Regulating Expression of Associated Genes |
| title_sort | endophytic fungi accelerate leaf physiological activity and resveratrol accumulation in i polygonum cuspidatum i by up regulating expression of associated genes |
| topic | arbuscular mycorrhiza medicinal plant <i>Piriformospora indica</i> resveratrol resveratrol synthase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1220 |
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