Coral Holobionts Possess Distinct Lipid Profiles That May Be Shaped by Symbiodiniaceae Taxonomy
Symbiotic relationships are very important for corals. Abiotic stressors cause the acclimatization of cell membranes in symbionts, which possess different membrane acclimatization strategies. Membrane stability is determined by a unique lipid composition and, thus, the profile of thylakoid lipids ca...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/8/485 |
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| author | Tatyana V. Sikorskaya Ekaterina V. Ermolenko Kseniya V. Efimova Ly T. P. Dang |
| author_facet | Tatyana V. Sikorskaya Ekaterina V. Ermolenko Kseniya V. Efimova Ly T. P. Dang |
| author_sort | Tatyana V. Sikorskaya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Symbiotic relationships are very important for corals. Abiotic stressors cause the acclimatization of cell membranes in symbionts, which possess different membrane acclimatization strategies. Membrane stability is determined by a unique lipid composition and, thus, the profile of thylakoid lipids can depend on coral symbiont species. We have analyzed and compared thylakoid lipidomes (mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDG and DGDG), sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDG), and phosphatidylglycerols (PG)) of crude extracts from symbiotic reef-building coral <i>Acropora</i> sp., the hydrocoral <i>Millepora platyphylla</i>, and the octocoral <i>Sinularia flexibilis</i>. <i>S. flexibilis</i> crude extracts were characterized by a very high SQDG/PG ratio, a DGDG/MGDG ratio < 1, a lower degree of galactolipid unsaturation, a higher content of SQDG with polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a thinner thylakoid membrane which may be explained by the presence of thermosensitive dinoflagellates <i>Cladocopium</i> C3. In contrast, crude extracts of <i>M. platyphylla</i> and <i>Acropora</i> sp. exhibited the lipidome features of thermotolerant Symbiodiniaceae. <i>M. platyphylla</i> and <i>Acropora</i> sp. colonies contained <i>Cladocopium</i> C3u and <i>Cladocopium</i> C71/C71a symbionts, respectively, and their lipidome profiles showed features that indicate thermotolerance. We suggest that an association with symbionts that exhibit the thermotolerant thylakoid lipidome features, combined with a high Symbiodiniaceae diversity, may facilitate further acclimatization/adaptation of <i>M. platyphylla</i> and <i>Acropora</i> sp. holobionts in the South China Sea. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:03:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2fe6f61194a64650b3a4e7df23eda548 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:03:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-2fe6f61194a64650b3a4e7df23eda5482023-11-30T21:51:42ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972022-07-0120848510.3390/md20080485Coral Holobionts Possess Distinct Lipid Profiles That May Be Shaped by Symbiodiniaceae TaxonomyTatyana V. Sikorskaya0Ekaterina V. Ermolenko1Kseniya V. Efimova2Ly T. P. Dang3A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Palchevskogo 17, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaA.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Palchevskogo 17, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaA.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Palchevskogo 17, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaInstitute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi 100000, VietnamSymbiotic relationships are very important for corals. Abiotic stressors cause the acclimatization of cell membranes in symbionts, which possess different membrane acclimatization strategies. Membrane stability is determined by a unique lipid composition and, thus, the profile of thylakoid lipids can depend on coral symbiont species. We have analyzed and compared thylakoid lipidomes (mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDG and DGDG), sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDG), and phosphatidylglycerols (PG)) of crude extracts from symbiotic reef-building coral <i>Acropora</i> sp., the hydrocoral <i>Millepora platyphylla</i>, and the octocoral <i>Sinularia flexibilis</i>. <i>S. flexibilis</i> crude extracts were characterized by a very high SQDG/PG ratio, a DGDG/MGDG ratio < 1, a lower degree of galactolipid unsaturation, a higher content of SQDG with polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a thinner thylakoid membrane which may be explained by the presence of thermosensitive dinoflagellates <i>Cladocopium</i> C3. In contrast, crude extracts of <i>M. platyphylla</i> and <i>Acropora</i> sp. exhibited the lipidome features of thermotolerant Symbiodiniaceae. <i>M. platyphylla</i> and <i>Acropora</i> sp. colonies contained <i>Cladocopium</i> C3u and <i>Cladocopium</i> C71/C71a symbionts, respectively, and their lipidome profiles showed features that indicate thermotolerance. We suggest that an association with symbionts that exhibit the thermotolerant thylakoid lipidome features, combined with a high Symbiodiniaceae diversity, may facilitate further acclimatization/adaptation of <i>M. platyphylla</i> and <i>Acropora</i> sp. holobionts in the South China Sea.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/8/485coralsthylakoidSymbiodiniaceaelipidomemass-spectrometrygenetic analysis |
| spellingShingle | Tatyana V. Sikorskaya Ekaterina V. Ermolenko Kseniya V. Efimova Ly T. P. Dang Coral Holobionts Possess Distinct Lipid Profiles That May Be Shaped by Symbiodiniaceae Taxonomy Marine Drugs corals thylakoid Symbiodiniaceae lipidome mass-spectrometry genetic analysis |
| title | Coral Holobionts Possess Distinct Lipid Profiles That May Be Shaped by Symbiodiniaceae Taxonomy |
| title_full | Coral Holobionts Possess Distinct Lipid Profiles That May Be Shaped by Symbiodiniaceae Taxonomy |
| title_fullStr | Coral Holobionts Possess Distinct Lipid Profiles That May Be Shaped by Symbiodiniaceae Taxonomy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coral Holobionts Possess Distinct Lipid Profiles That May Be Shaped by Symbiodiniaceae Taxonomy |
| title_short | Coral Holobionts Possess Distinct Lipid Profiles That May Be Shaped by Symbiodiniaceae Taxonomy |
| title_sort | coral holobionts possess distinct lipid profiles that may be shaped by symbiodiniaceae taxonomy |
| topic | corals thylakoid Symbiodiniaceae lipidome mass-spectrometry genetic analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/8/485 |
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