Application of Activated Carbons Obtained from Polymer Waste for the Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions
Plastic waste disposal is a major environmental problem worldwide. One recycling method for polymeric materials is their conversion into carbon materials. Therefore, a process of obtaining activated carbons through the carbonization of waste CDs (as the selected carbon precursor) in an oxygen-free a...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/3/748 |
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| author | Katarzyna Jedynak Barbara Charmas |
| author_facet | Katarzyna Jedynak Barbara Charmas |
| author_sort | Katarzyna Jedynak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plastic waste disposal is a major environmental problem worldwide. One recycling method for polymeric materials is their conversion into carbon materials. Therefore, a process of obtaining activated carbons through the carbonization of waste CDs (as the selected carbon precursor) in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and then the physical activation of the obtained material with CO<sub>2</sub>, was developed. Dyes such as methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) are commonly applied in industry, which contaminate the water environment to a large extent and have a harmful effect on living organisms; therefore, adsorption studies were carried out for these cationic dyes. The effects of the activation time on the physicochemical properties of the activated materials and the adsorption capacity of the dyes were investigated. The obtained microporous adsorbents were characterized by studying the porous structure based on low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), elemental analysis (CHNS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG, DTG, DTA), Boehm’s titration method, and pH<sub>pzc</sub> (the point of zero charge) determination. Moreover, adsorption studies (equilibrium and kinetics) were carried out. The maximum adsorption capacities (<i>q<sub>m exp</sub></i>) of MB and MG (349 mg g<sup>−1</sup> and 274 mg g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively) were identified for the obtained material after 8 h of activation. The results show that the use of waste CDs as a carbon precursor facilitates the production of low-cost and effective adsorbents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:52:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2fe8e4f3cb614f219c22b31505ce584b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:52:29Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-2fe8e4f3cb614f219c22b31505ce584b2024-02-09T15:17:59ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442024-02-0117374810.3390/ma17030748Application of Activated Carbons Obtained from Polymer Waste for the Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous SolutionsKatarzyna Jedynak0Barbara Charmas1Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka Str. 7, 25-406 Kielce, PolandInstitute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, PolandPlastic waste disposal is a major environmental problem worldwide. One recycling method for polymeric materials is their conversion into carbon materials. Therefore, a process of obtaining activated carbons through the carbonization of waste CDs (as the selected carbon precursor) in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and then the physical activation of the obtained material with CO<sub>2</sub>, was developed. Dyes such as methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) are commonly applied in industry, which contaminate the water environment to a large extent and have a harmful effect on living organisms; therefore, adsorption studies were carried out for these cationic dyes. The effects of the activation time on the physicochemical properties of the activated materials and the adsorption capacity of the dyes were investigated. The obtained microporous adsorbents were characterized by studying the porous structure based on low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), elemental analysis (CHNS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG, DTG, DTA), Boehm’s titration method, and pH<sub>pzc</sub> (the point of zero charge) determination. Moreover, adsorption studies (equilibrium and kinetics) were carried out. The maximum adsorption capacities (<i>q<sub>m exp</sub></i>) of MB and MG (349 mg g<sup>−1</sup> and 274 mg g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively) were identified for the obtained material after 8 h of activation. The results show that the use of waste CDs as a carbon precursor facilitates the production of low-cost and effective adsorbents.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/3/748activated carbonspolymer wastephysical activationdye adsorptionphysicochemical properties |
| spellingShingle | Katarzyna Jedynak Barbara Charmas Application of Activated Carbons Obtained from Polymer Waste for the Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions Materials activated carbons polymer waste physical activation dye adsorption physicochemical properties |
| title | Application of Activated Carbons Obtained from Polymer Waste for the Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_full | Application of Activated Carbons Obtained from Polymer Waste for the Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_fullStr | Application of Activated Carbons Obtained from Polymer Waste for the Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Activated Carbons Obtained from Polymer Waste for the Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_short | Application of Activated Carbons Obtained from Polymer Waste for the Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_sort | application of activated carbons obtained from polymer waste for the adsorption of dyes from aqueous solutions |
| topic | activated carbons polymer waste physical activation dye adsorption physicochemical properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/3/748 |
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