Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles
The blood brain barrier (BBB) maintains the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) and protects the brain from toxic substances present in the circulating blood. However, the impermeability of the BBB to drugs is a hurdle for CNS drug development, which hinders the distribution of the most...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/3/358 |
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| author | Lina Zhou Sunitha Kodidela Sandip Godse Stacey Thomas-Gooch Asit Kumar Babatunde Raji Kaining Zhi Harry Kochat Santosh Kumar |
| author_facet | Lina Zhou Sunitha Kodidela Sandip Godse Stacey Thomas-Gooch Asit Kumar Babatunde Raji Kaining Zhi Harry Kochat Santosh Kumar |
| author_sort | Lina Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The blood brain barrier (BBB) maintains the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) and protects the brain from toxic substances present in the circulating blood. However, the impermeability of the BBB to drugs is a hurdle for CNS drug development, which hinders the distribution of the most therapeutic molecules into the brain. Therefore, scientists have been striving to develop safe and effective technologies to advance drug penetration into the CNS with higher targeting properties and lower off-targeting side effects. This review will discuss the limitation of artificial nanomedicine in CNS drug delivery and the use of natural extracellular vesicles (EVs), as therapeutic vehicles to achieve targeted delivery to the CNS. Information on clinical trials regarding CNS targeted drug delivery using EVs is very limited. Thus, this review will also briefly highlight the recent clinical studies on targeted drug delivery in the peripheral nervous system to shed light on potential strategies for CNS drug delivery. Different technologies engaged in pre- and post-isolation have been implemented to further utilize and optimize the natural property of EVs. EVs from various sources have also been applied in the engineering of EVs for CNS targeted drug delivery in vitro and in vivo. Here, the future feasibility of those studies in clinic will be discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:00:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2feaff4d56064b018e58e03d15ed9730 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:00:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2feaff4d56064b018e58e03d15ed97302023-11-30T21:54:59ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472022-03-0115335810.3390/ph15030358Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular VesiclesLina Zhou0Sunitha Kodidela1Sandip Godse2Stacey Thomas-Gooch3Asit Kumar4Babatunde Raji5Kaining Zhi6Harry Kochat7Santosh Kumar8Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USAPlough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Solutions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 208 South Dudley Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USAPlough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Solutions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 208 South Dudley Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USAPlough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Solutions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 208 South Dudley Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USAThe blood brain barrier (BBB) maintains the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) and protects the brain from toxic substances present in the circulating blood. However, the impermeability of the BBB to drugs is a hurdle for CNS drug development, which hinders the distribution of the most therapeutic molecules into the brain. Therefore, scientists have been striving to develop safe and effective technologies to advance drug penetration into the CNS with higher targeting properties and lower off-targeting side effects. This review will discuss the limitation of artificial nanomedicine in CNS drug delivery and the use of natural extracellular vesicles (EVs), as therapeutic vehicles to achieve targeted delivery to the CNS. Information on clinical trials regarding CNS targeted drug delivery using EVs is very limited. Thus, this review will also briefly highlight the recent clinical studies on targeted drug delivery in the peripheral nervous system to shed light on potential strategies for CNS drug delivery. Different technologies engaged in pre- and post-isolation have been implemented to further utilize and optimize the natural property of EVs. EVs from various sources have also been applied in the engineering of EVs for CNS targeted drug delivery in vitro and in vivo. Here, the future feasibility of those studies in clinic will be discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/3/358BBBCNStarget drug deliveryextracellular vesiclesnanoparticlesdrug-loading |
| spellingShingle | Lina Zhou Sunitha Kodidela Sandip Godse Stacey Thomas-Gooch Asit Kumar Babatunde Raji Kaining Zhi Harry Kochat Santosh Kumar Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles Pharmaceuticals BBB CNS target drug delivery extracellular vesicles nanoparticles drug-loading |
| title | Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
| title_full | Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
| title_fullStr | Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
| title_short | Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
| title_sort | targeted drug delivery to the central nervous system using extracellular vesicles |
| topic | BBB CNS target drug delivery extracellular vesicles nanoparticles drug-loading |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/3/358 |
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