Mineralogical Characterization of Lithomargic Clay Deposits along the Coastal Belt of Udupi Region of South India
Lithomargic clay is generally found below the lateritic soil along the coastal belt of Karnataka. It is rich in silt content and dispersive in nature. This type of soil is liable to erosion and landslides. The lithomargic clay is largely found in the western coast of South India. At present, coastal...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Composites Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/7/4/170 |
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| author | Deepak Nayak Purushotham G. Sarvade Udaya Shankara H. N. Jagadeesha B. Pai |
| author_facet | Deepak Nayak Purushotham G. Sarvade Udaya Shankara H. N. Jagadeesha B. Pai |
| author_sort | Deepak Nayak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lithomargic clay is generally found below the lateritic soil along the coastal belt of Karnataka. It is rich in silt content and dispersive in nature. This type of soil is liable to erosion and landslides. The lithomargic clay is largely found in the western coast of South India. At present, coastal belt of Udupi district is witnessing a lot of developments in terms of industry, infrastructures, and other activities. Lithomargic clay is a type of problematic soil, which needs a thorough study to make it suitable to sustain any engineering structure such as buildings, pavements, railways, dams. A characterization and mineralogical study is conducted to identify the presence of minerals and compounds for the various soil samples collected along the coastal belt of Udupi regions using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The primary minerals observed in majority of the regions are quartz, feldspar such as orthoclase, muscovite, and the secondary minerals formed by the decomposition and chemical alteration of primary minerals include sheet minerals such as kaolinite, halloysite, dickite, gibbsite, and illite in high proportions. The study also shows the presence of iron compounds such as fayalite, goethite, and siderite. The majority of the elements observed are oxygen, silicates, aluminum, potassium, and iron which confirms the presence of the compounds identified through XRD analysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:52:45Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-477X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:52:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Composites Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-2ff928824be14ba680e85679307f85a62023-11-17T19:52:41ZengMDPI AGJournal of Composites Science2504-477X2023-04-017417010.3390/jcs7040170Mineralogical Characterization of Lithomargic Clay Deposits along the Coastal Belt of Udupi Region of South IndiaDeepak Nayak0Purushotham G. Sarvade1Udaya Shankara H. N.2Jagadeesha B. Pai3Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, IndiaLithomargic clay is generally found below the lateritic soil along the coastal belt of Karnataka. It is rich in silt content and dispersive in nature. This type of soil is liable to erosion and landslides. The lithomargic clay is largely found in the western coast of South India. At present, coastal belt of Udupi district is witnessing a lot of developments in terms of industry, infrastructures, and other activities. Lithomargic clay is a type of problematic soil, which needs a thorough study to make it suitable to sustain any engineering structure such as buildings, pavements, railways, dams. A characterization and mineralogical study is conducted to identify the presence of minerals and compounds for the various soil samples collected along the coastal belt of Udupi regions using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The primary minerals observed in majority of the regions are quartz, feldspar such as orthoclase, muscovite, and the secondary minerals formed by the decomposition and chemical alteration of primary minerals include sheet minerals such as kaolinite, halloysite, dickite, gibbsite, and illite in high proportions. The study also shows the presence of iron compounds such as fayalite, goethite, and siderite. The majority of the elements observed are oxygen, silicates, aluminum, potassium, and iron which confirms the presence of the compounds identified through XRD analysis.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/7/4/170lithomargic claymineralogycharacterizationXRD analysisEDS analysisSEM analysis |
| spellingShingle | Deepak Nayak Purushotham G. Sarvade Udaya Shankara H. N. Jagadeesha B. Pai Mineralogical Characterization of Lithomargic Clay Deposits along the Coastal Belt of Udupi Region of South India Journal of Composites Science lithomargic clay mineralogy characterization XRD analysis EDS analysis SEM analysis |
| title | Mineralogical Characterization of Lithomargic Clay Deposits along the Coastal Belt of Udupi Region of South India |
| title_full | Mineralogical Characterization of Lithomargic Clay Deposits along the Coastal Belt of Udupi Region of South India |
| title_fullStr | Mineralogical Characterization of Lithomargic Clay Deposits along the Coastal Belt of Udupi Region of South India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mineralogical Characterization of Lithomargic Clay Deposits along the Coastal Belt of Udupi Region of South India |
| title_short | Mineralogical Characterization of Lithomargic Clay Deposits along the Coastal Belt of Udupi Region of South India |
| title_sort | mineralogical characterization of lithomargic clay deposits along the coastal belt of udupi region of south india |
| topic | lithomargic clay mineralogy characterization XRD analysis EDS analysis SEM analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/7/4/170 |
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