Profile of acute poisoning in three health districts of Botswana
Background: This study sought to characterise acute poisoning cases seen in three health districts of Botswana. Method: A retrospective review of patients’ records was conducted and included patients treated from January 2004 to December 2005. Data on the demographic status of the patients, informat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AOSIS
2009-05-01
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| Series: | African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/10 |
| _version_ | 1818162908839804928 |
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| author | Mary Kasule Ntambwe Malangu |
| author_facet | Mary Kasule Ntambwe Malangu |
| author_sort | Mary Kasule |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: This study sought to characterise acute poisoning cases seen in three health districts of Botswana.
Method: A retrospective review of patients’ records was conducted and included patients treated from January 2004 to December 2005. Data on the demographic status of the patients, information about the poisonous agent(s) involved, and the circumstances and outcomes of the poisoning incidents were recorded on a pre-tested data collection form.
Results: A total of 590 cases of acute poisoning were included in the analysis. The most affected age category was that of children aged less than six years, who constituted 33.4% of the cases. Most incidents were recorded in the urban district of Gaborone. Seventy-eight percent (78%) of the incidents were accidental, with the remainder being intentional. The poisonous agents involved were pharmaceuticals (26.6%), natural toxins (25.6%), household products (14.6%), foods (14.4%), alcohol (6.9%), traditional medicines (4.7%), unspecified agents (3.2%), and agrochemicals (2.7%). The most common route of poison exposure was by oral (82.2%), followed by dermal contact (16.5%), while the inhalation of gases occurred in 1.2% of cases. An incidence rate of 4.7/1000, a case fatality rate of 3.8/100, and 1.5% of deaths were recorded over the two-year period.
Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be stated that acute poisoning involved mainly young children and resulted in an incidence rate of 4.7/1000, a case fatality rate of 3.8/100, and 1.5% of deaths over the two-year period. There were differences based on age category, gender and residence of the victims, the types of toxic agents involved, as well as the circumstances and the outcomes of the poisoning incidents. Given the fact that pharmaceuticals, natural toxins, household products and foods were the agents most commonly involved, targeted interventions should take these differences into account in addressing the problem of acute poisoning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:41:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2ffb271327e049368ef60b46a98ce4ad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2071-2928 2071-2936 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:41:09Z |
| publishDate | 2009-05-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-2ffb271327e049368ef60b46a98ce4ad2022-12-22T00:58:20ZengAOSISAfrican Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine2071-29282071-29362009-05-0111e1e610.4102/phcfm.v1i1.105Profile of acute poisoning in three health districts of BotswanaMary Kasule0Ntambwe Malangu1Institute of Health SciencesUniversity of LimpopoBackground: This study sought to characterise acute poisoning cases seen in three health districts of Botswana. Method: A retrospective review of patients’ records was conducted and included patients treated from January 2004 to December 2005. Data on the demographic status of the patients, information about the poisonous agent(s) involved, and the circumstances and outcomes of the poisoning incidents were recorded on a pre-tested data collection form. Results: A total of 590 cases of acute poisoning were included in the analysis. The most affected age category was that of children aged less than six years, who constituted 33.4% of the cases. Most incidents were recorded in the urban district of Gaborone. Seventy-eight percent (78%) of the incidents were accidental, with the remainder being intentional. The poisonous agents involved were pharmaceuticals (26.6%), natural toxins (25.6%), household products (14.6%), foods (14.4%), alcohol (6.9%), traditional medicines (4.7%), unspecified agents (3.2%), and agrochemicals (2.7%). The most common route of poison exposure was by oral (82.2%), followed by dermal contact (16.5%), while the inhalation of gases occurred in 1.2% of cases. An incidence rate of 4.7/1000, a case fatality rate of 3.8/100, and 1.5% of deaths were recorded over the two-year period. Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be stated that acute poisoning involved mainly young children and resulted in an incidence rate of 4.7/1000, a case fatality rate of 3.8/100, and 1.5% of deaths over the two-year period. There were differences based on age category, gender and residence of the victims, the types of toxic agents involved, as well as the circumstances and the outcomes of the poisoning incidents. Given the fact that pharmaceuticals, natural toxins, household products and foods were the agents most commonly involved, targeted interventions should take these differences into account in addressing the problem of acute poisoning.https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/10acute poisoningcase fatalityoutcomeBotswanaGaborone |
| spellingShingle | Mary Kasule Ntambwe Malangu Profile of acute poisoning in three health districts of Botswana African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine acute poisoning case fatality outcome Botswana Gaborone |
| title | Profile of acute poisoning in three health districts of Botswana |
| title_full | Profile of acute poisoning in three health districts of Botswana |
| title_fullStr | Profile of acute poisoning in three health districts of Botswana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Profile of acute poisoning in three health districts of Botswana |
| title_short | Profile of acute poisoning in three health districts of Botswana |
| title_sort | profile of acute poisoning in three health districts of botswana |
| topic | acute poisoning case fatality outcome Botswana Gaborone |
| url | https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/10 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marykasule profileofacutepoisoninginthreehealthdistrictsofbotswana AT ntambwemalangu profileofacutepoisoninginthreehealthdistrictsofbotswana |