Microwave Soil Treatment along with Biochar Application Alleviates Arsenic Phytotoxicity and Reduces Rice Grain Arsenic Concentration
Rice grain arsenic (As) is a major pathway of human dietary As exposure. This study was conducted to reduce rice grain As concentration through microwave (MW) and biochar soil treatment. Collected soils were spiked to five levels of As concentration (As-0, As-20, As-40, As-60, and As-80 mg kg<sup...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/23/8140 |
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| author | Mohammad Humayun Kabir Graham Brodie Dorin Gupta Alexis Pang |
| author_facet | Mohammad Humayun Kabir Graham Brodie Dorin Gupta Alexis Pang |
| author_sort | Mohammad Humayun Kabir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rice grain arsenic (As) is a major pathway of human dietary As exposure. This study was conducted to reduce rice grain As concentration through microwave (MW) and biochar soil treatment. Collected soils were spiked to five levels of As concentration (As-0, As-20, As-40, As-60, and As-80 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) prior to applying three levels of biochar (BC-0, BC-10, and BC-20 t ha<sup>−1</sup>) and three levels of MW treatment (MW-0, MW-3, and MW-6 min). The results revealed that MW soil treatment alleviates As phytotoxicity as rice plant growth and grain yield increase significantly and facilitate less grain As concentration compared with the control. For instance, the highest grain As concentration (912.90 µg kg<sup>−1</sup>) was recorded in the control while it was significantly lower (442.40 µg kg<sup>−1</sup>) in the MW-6 treatment at As-80. Although the BC-10 treatment had some positive effects, unexpectedly, BC-20 had a negative effect on plant growth, grain yield, and grain As concentration. The combination of BC-10 and MW-6 treatment was found to reduce grain As concentration (498.00 µg kg<sup>−1</sup>) compared with the control (913.7 µg kg<sup>−1</sup>). Thus, either MW-6 soil treatment alone or in combination with the BC-10 treatment can be used to reduce dietary As exposure through rice consumption. Nevertheless, further study is needed to explore the effectiveness and economic feasibility of this novel technique in field conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:54:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-302068f513374d89a15ce2b505010106 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:54:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-302068f513374d89a15ce2b5050101062023-11-23T02:23:16ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-12-011423814010.3390/en14238140Microwave Soil Treatment along with Biochar Application Alleviates Arsenic Phytotoxicity and Reduces Rice Grain Arsenic ConcentrationMohammad Humayun Kabir0Graham Brodie1Dorin Gupta2Alexis Pang3Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Dookie 3647, AustraliaFaculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Dookie 3647, AustraliaFaculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Dookie 3647, AustraliaFaculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Dookie 3647, AustraliaRice grain arsenic (As) is a major pathway of human dietary As exposure. This study was conducted to reduce rice grain As concentration through microwave (MW) and biochar soil treatment. Collected soils were spiked to five levels of As concentration (As-0, As-20, As-40, As-60, and As-80 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) prior to applying three levels of biochar (BC-0, BC-10, and BC-20 t ha<sup>−1</sup>) and three levels of MW treatment (MW-0, MW-3, and MW-6 min). The results revealed that MW soil treatment alleviates As phytotoxicity as rice plant growth and grain yield increase significantly and facilitate less grain As concentration compared with the control. For instance, the highest grain As concentration (912.90 µg kg<sup>−1</sup>) was recorded in the control while it was significantly lower (442.40 µg kg<sup>−1</sup>) in the MW-6 treatment at As-80. Although the BC-10 treatment had some positive effects, unexpectedly, BC-20 had a negative effect on plant growth, grain yield, and grain As concentration. The combination of BC-10 and MW-6 treatment was found to reduce grain As concentration (498.00 µg kg<sup>−1</sup>) compared with the control (913.7 µg kg<sup>−1</sup>). Thus, either MW-6 soil treatment alone or in combination with the BC-10 treatment can be used to reduce dietary As exposure through rice consumption. Nevertheless, further study is needed to explore the effectiveness and economic feasibility of this novel technique in field conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/23/8140microwavesoil heatingbiochararsenic phytotoxicity alleviationrice grain arsenic |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Humayun Kabir Graham Brodie Dorin Gupta Alexis Pang Microwave Soil Treatment along with Biochar Application Alleviates Arsenic Phytotoxicity and Reduces Rice Grain Arsenic Concentration Energies microwave soil heating biochar arsenic phytotoxicity alleviation rice grain arsenic |
| title | Microwave Soil Treatment along with Biochar Application Alleviates Arsenic Phytotoxicity and Reduces Rice Grain Arsenic Concentration |
| title_full | Microwave Soil Treatment along with Biochar Application Alleviates Arsenic Phytotoxicity and Reduces Rice Grain Arsenic Concentration |
| title_fullStr | Microwave Soil Treatment along with Biochar Application Alleviates Arsenic Phytotoxicity and Reduces Rice Grain Arsenic Concentration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microwave Soil Treatment along with Biochar Application Alleviates Arsenic Phytotoxicity and Reduces Rice Grain Arsenic Concentration |
| title_short | Microwave Soil Treatment along with Biochar Application Alleviates Arsenic Phytotoxicity and Reduces Rice Grain Arsenic Concentration |
| title_sort | microwave soil treatment along with biochar application alleviates arsenic phytotoxicity and reduces rice grain arsenic concentration |
| topic | microwave soil heating biochar arsenic phytotoxicity alleviation rice grain arsenic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/23/8140 |
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