Mitigation of block withholding attack based on zero-determinant strategy
This article focuses on the mining dilemma of block withholding attack between the mining pools in the bitcoin system. In order to obtain the higher revenue, the rational mining pool usually chooses an infiltration attack, that is, the pool will falls into the mining dilemma of the PoW consensus alg...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
PeerJ Inc.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | PeerJ Computer Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/cs-997.pdf |
| _version_ | 1828451741899685888 |
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| author | Min Ren Hongfeng Guo Zhihao Wang |
| author_facet | Min Ren Hongfeng Guo Zhihao Wang |
| author_sort | Min Ren |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article focuses on the mining dilemma of block withholding attack between the mining pools in the bitcoin system. In order to obtain the higher revenue, the rational mining pool usually chooses an infiltration attack, that is, the pool will falls into the mining dilemma of the PoW consensus algorithm. Thus the article proposes to apply zero-determinant strategies for optimizing the behavior selection of the mining pool under PoW consensus mechanism to increase the total revenues of the system, so as to solve the mining dilemma. After theoretically studying the set and extortionate strategy of zero-determinant, the article devises an adaptive zero-determinant strategy that the pool can change the corporation probability of the next round based on its previous revenues. To verify the effectiveness of zero-determinant strategies, based on the actual revenue of the mining pool defined and deduced in the paper, it simulates 30 sets of game strategies to illustrate the revenue variation of the mining pools. The simulation results show that the three zero-determinant strategies can effectively improve the convergence rate of cooperation, mitigate block withholding attack and maximize the total revenues of the system. Compared with the set and extortionate strategy, the adaptive strategy can ensure more stability and more revenue. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T23:41:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3022bb1dce314b56a514ced6fc53dba6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2376-5992 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T23:41:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ Computer Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-3022bb1dce314b56a514ced6fc53dba62022-12-22T01:29:01ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ Computer Science2376-59922022-07-018e99710.7717/peerj-cs.997Mitigation of block withholding attack based on zero-determinant strategyMin Ren0Hongfeng Guo1Zhihao Wang2School of Statistics and Mathematics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, Shandong Province, ChinaSchool of Statistics and Mathematics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, Shandong Province, ChinaSchool of Management and Engineering, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, Shandong Province, ChinaThis article focuses on the mining dilemma of block withholding attack between the mining pools in the bitcoin system. In order to obtain the higher revenue, the rational mining pool usually chooses an infiltration attack, that is, the pool will falls into the mining dilemma of the PoW consensus algorithm. Thus the article proposes to apply zero-determinant strategies for optimizing the behavior selection of the mining pool under PoW consensus mechanism to increase the total revenues of the system, so as to solve the mining dilemma. After theoretically studying the set and extortionate strategy of zero-determinant, the article devises an adaptive zero-determinant strategy that the pool can change the corporation probability of the next round based on its previous revenues. To verify the effectiveness of zero-determinant strategies, based on the actual revenue of the mining pool defined and deduced in the paper, it simulates 30 sets of game strategies to illustrate the revenue variation of the mining pools. The simulation results show that the three zero-determinant strategies can effectively improve the convergence rate of cooperation, mitigate block withholding attack and maximize the total revenues of the system. Compared with the set and extortionate strategy, the adaptive strategy can ensure more stability and more revenue.https://peerj.com/articles/cs-997.pdfBlock withholding attackZero-determinantMining dilemma |
| spellingShingle | Min Ren Hongfeng Guo Zhihao Wang Mitigation of block withholding attack based on zero-determinant strategy PeerJ Computer Science Block withholding attack Zero-determinant Mining dilemma |
| title | Mitigation of block withholding attack based on zero-determinant strategy |
| title_full | Mitigation of block withholding attack based on zero-determinant strategy |
| title_fullStr | Mitigation of block withholding attack based on zero-determinant strategy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitigation of block withholding attack based on zero-determinant strategy |
| title_short | Mitigation of block withholding attack based on zero-determinant strategy |
| title_sort | mitigation of block withholding attack based on zero determinant strategy |
| topic | Block withholding attack Zero-determinant Mining dilemma |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/cs-997.pdf |
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