Silicon Nanofluidic Membrane for Electrostatic Control of Drugs and Analytes Elution
Individualized long-term management of chronic pathologies remains an elusive goal despite recent progress in drug formulation and implantable devices. The lack of advanced systems for therapeutic administration that can be controlled and tailored based on patient needs precludes optimal management...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/7/679 |
| _version_ | 1827712803936403456 |
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| author | Nicola Di Trani Antonia Silvestri Yu Wang Danilo Demarchi Xuewu Liu Alessandro Grattoni |
| author_facet | Nicola Di Trani Antonia Silvestri Yu Wang Danilo Demarchi Xuewu Liu Alessandro Grattoni |
| author_sort | Nicola Di Trani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Individualized long-term management of chronic pathologies remains an elusive goal despite recent progress in drug formulation and implantable devices. The lack of advanced systems for therapeutic administration that can be controlled and tailored based on patient needs precludes optimal management of pathologies, such as diabetes, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis. Several triggered systems for drug delivery have been demonstrated. However, they mostly rely on continuous external stimuli, which hinder their application for long-term treatments. In this work, we investigated a silicon nanofluidic technology that incorporates a gate electrode and examined its ability to achieve reproducible control of drug release. Silicon carbide (SiC) was used to coat the membrane surface, including nanochannels, ensuring biocompatibility and chemical inertness for long-term stability for in vivo deployment. With the application of a small voltage (≤ 3 V DC) to the buried polysilicon electrode, we showed in vitro repeatable modulation of membrane permeability of two model analytes—methotrexate and quantum dots. Methotrexate is a first-line therapeutic approach for rheumatoid arthritis; quantum dots represent multi-functional nanoparticles with broad applicability from bio-labeling to targeted drug delivery. Importantly, SiC coating demonstrated optimal properties as a gate dielectric, which rendered our membrane relevant for multiple applications beyond drug delivery, such as lab on a chip and micro total analysis systems (µTAS). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:22:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-30256aff13264ce78d3fd65e350974e8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:22:31Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-30256aff13264ce78d3fd65e350974e82023-11-20T07:14:53ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232020-07-0112767910.3390/pharmaceutics12070679Silicon Nanofluidic Membrane for Electrostatic Control of Drugs and Analytes ElutionNicola Di Trani0Antonia Silvestri1Yu Wang2Danilo Demarchi3Xuewu Liu4Alessandro Grattoni5Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Electronics and Telecommunications, Polytechnic of Turin, 10129 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USAIndividualized long-term management of chronic pathologies remains an elusive goal despite recent progress in drug formulation and implantable devices. The lack of advanced systems for therapeutic administration that can be controlled and tailored based on patient needs precludes optimal management of pathologies, such as diabetes, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis. Several triggered systems for drug delivery have been demonstrated. However, they mostly rely on continuous external stimuli, which hinder their application for long-term treatments. In this work, we investigated a silicon nanofluidic technology that incorporates a gate electrode and examined its ability to achieve reproducible control of drug release. Silicon carbide (SiC) was used to coat the membrane surface, including nanochannels, ensuring biocompatibility and chemical inertness for long-term stability for in vivo deployment. With the application of a small voltage (≤ 3 V DC) to the buried polysilicon electrode, we showed in vitro repeatable modulation of membrane permeability of two model analytes—methotrexate and quantum dots. Methotrexate is a first-line therapeutic approach for rheumatoid arthritis; quantum dots represent multi-functional nanoparticles with broad applicability from bio-labeling to targeted drug delivery. Importantly, SiC coating demonstrated optimal properties as a gate dielectric, which rendered our membrane relevant for multiple applications beyond drug delivery, such as lab on a chip and micro total analysis systems (µTAS).https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/7/679electrostatic gatingnanofluidic diffusioncontrolled drug releasesilicon membranesmart drug delivery |
| spellingShingle | Nicola Di Trani Antonia Silvestri Yu Wang Danilo Demarchi Xuewu Liu Alessandro Grattoni Silicon Nanofluidic Membrane for Electrostatic Control of Drugs and Analytes Elution Pharmaceutics electrostatic gating nanofluidic diffusion controlled drug release silicon membrane smart drug delivery |
| title | Silicon Nanofluidic Membrane for Electrostatic Control of Drugs and Analytes Elution |
| title_full | Silicon Nanofluidic Membrane for Electrostatic Control of Drugs and Analytes Elution |
| title_fullStr | Silicon Nanofluidic Membrane for Electrostatic Control of Drugs and Analytes Elution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Silicon Nanofluidic Membrane for Electrostatic Control of Drugs and Analytes Elution |
| title_short | Silicon Nanofluidic Membrane for Electrostatic Control of Drugs and Analytes Elution |
| title_sort | silicon nanofluidic membrane for electrostatic control of drugs and analytes elution |
| topic | electrostatic gating nanofluidic diffusion controlled drug release silicon membrane smart drug delivery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/7/679 |
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