Efficacy Determination of Commercial Deltamethrin-Treated Storage Bags on <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts Adults and Larvae
<i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts, the khapra beetle, is a serious stored product pest known to feed on >100 different products worldwide and is a major threat to global food security. Deltamethrin-treated storage bags are a resource that could be used to limit infestations during st...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/6/814 |
| _version_ | 1827715338955915264 |
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| author | Deanna S. Scheff Frank H. Arthur Scott W. Myers Michael J. Domingue |
| author_facet | Deanna S. Scheff Frank H. Arthur Scott W. Myers Michael J. Domingue |
| author_sort | Deanna S. Scheff |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts, the khapra beetle, is a serious stored product pest known to feed on >100 different products worldwide and is a major threat to global food security. Deltamethrin-treated storage bags are a resource that could be used to limit infestations during storage of grain in bags. We investigated the efficacy of deltamethrin-treated bags against <i>T. granarium</i> adults and larvae. Deltamethrin-treated and untreated packaging materials were affixed into the bottom of plastic Petri dishes (62 or 137 cm<sup>2</sup>) to create a bioassay arena. Adult <i>T. granarium</i> were exposed and observed to determine the time to knockdown and the subsequent mortality rate within 24 h. Adult <i>T. granarium</i> were knocked down in <60 min, and 100% of adults were knocked down or dead after 24 h. <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> larvae were exposed for 0.33, 1, 2, 3, or 4 d or continually exposed and monitored for larval death and adult emergence. Larvae exposed for 4 d had 50% mortality versus 97% if continually exposed. Utilizing this deltamethrin-treated packaging could cause disruptions in natural populations of <i>T. granarium</i> found in storage facilities, and the treated packaging is an effective tool that could be implemented into an integrated pest management program for bagged grain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:17:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-302e74bb816f4d15922f0b8eab733f2e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:17:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-302e74bb816f4d15922f0b8eab733f2e2023-11-20T03:15:03ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-06-0110681410.3390/agronomy10060814Efficacy Determination of Commercial Deltamethrin-Treated Storage Bags on <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts Adults and LarvaeDeanna S. Scheff0Frank H. Arthur1Scott W. Myers2Michael J. Domingue3United Stated Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502, USAUnited Stated Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture—Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services—Plant Protection and Quarantine, Science and Technology, 1398 West Truck Road, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture—Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services—Plant Protection and Quarantine, Science and Technology, 1398 West Truck Road, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542, USA<i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts, the khapra beetle, is a serious stored product pest known to feed on >100 different products worldwide and is a major threat to global food security. Deltamethrin-treated storage bags are a resource that could be used to limit infestations during storage of grain in bags. We investigated the efficacy of deltamethrin-treated bags against <i>T. granarium</i> adults and larvae. Deltamethrin-treated and untreated packaging materials were affixed into the bottom of plastic Petri dishes (62 or 137 cm<sup>2</sup>) to create a bioassay arena. Adult <i>T. granarium</i> were exposed and observed to determine the time to knockdown and the subsequent mortality rate within 24 h. Adult <i>T. granarium</i> were knocked down in <60 min, and 100% of adults were knocked down or dead after 24 h. <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> larvae were exposed for 0.33, 1, 2, 3, or 4 d or continually exposed and monitored for larval death and adult emergence. Larvae exposed for 4 d had 50% mortality versus 97% if continually exposed. Utilizing this deltamethrin-treated packaging could cause disruptions in natural populations of <i>T. granarium</i> found in storage facilities, and the treated packaging is an effective tool that could be implemented into an integrated pest management program for bagged grain.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/6/814khapra beetletreated packagingdeltamethrinbagged storageZeroFly<sup>®</sup> |
| spellingShingle | Deanna S. Scheff Frank H. Arthur Scott W. Myers Michael J. Domingue Efficacy Determination of Commercial Deltamethrin-Treated Storage Bags on <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts Adults and Larvae Agronomy khapra beetle treated packaging deltamethrin bagged storage ZeroFly<sup>®</sup> |
| title | Efficacy Determination of Commercial Deltamethrin-Treated Storage Bags on <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts Adults and Larvae |
| title_full | Efficacy Determination of Commercial Deltamethrin-Treated Storage Bags on <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts Adults and Larvae |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy Determination of Commercial Deltamethrin-Treated Storage Bags on <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts Adults and Larvae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy Determination of Commercial Deltamethrin-Treated Storage Bags on <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts Adults and Larvae |
| title_short | Efficacy Determination of Commercial Deltamethrin-Treated Storage Bags on <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts Adults and Larvae |
| title_sort | efficacy determination of commercial deltamethrin treated storage bags on i trogoderma granarium i everts adults and larvae |
| topic | khapra beetle treated packaging deltamethrin bagged storage ZeroFly<sup>®</sup> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/6/814 |
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