Antagonist Concepts of Polypyrrole Actuators: Bending Hybrid Actuator and Mirrored Trilayer Linear Actuator
Following the natural muscle antagonist actuation principle, different adaptations for “artificial muscles” are introduced in this work. Polypyrrole (PPy) films of different polymerization techniques (potentiostatic and galvanostatic) were analyzed and their established responses were combined in se...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/6/861 |
| _version_ | 1797541743253520384 |
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| author | Rudolf Kiefer Ngoc Tuan Nguyen Quoc Bao Le Gholamreza Anbarjafari Tarmo Tamm |
| author_facet | Rudolf Kiefer Ngoc Tuan Nguyen Quoc Bao Le Gholamreza Anbarjafari Tarmo Tamm |
| author_sort | Rudolf Kiefer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Following the natural muscle antagonist actuation principle, different adaptations for “artificial muscles” are introduced in this work. Polypyrrole (PPy) films of different polymerization techniques (potentiostatic and galvanostatic) were analyzed and their established responses were combined in several ways, resulting in beneficial actuation modes. A consecutive “one-pot” electrosynthesis of two layers with the different deposition regimes resulted in an all-PPy bending hybrid actuator. While in most cases the mixed-ion activity of conductive polymers has been considered a problem or a drawback, here for the first time, the nearly equal expansions upon oxidation and reduction of carefully selected conditions further allowed to fabricate a “mirrored” trilayer laminate, which behaved as a linear actuator. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:20:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-304d95d7014e412bbe83a230a811d944 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:20:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-304d95d7014e412bbe83a230a811d9442023-11-21T10:03:34ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-03-0113686110.3390/polym13060861Antagonist Concepts of Polypyrrole Actuators: Bending Hybrid Actuator and Mirrored Trilayer Linear ActuatorRudolf Kiefer0Ngoc Tuan Nguyen1Quoc Bao Le2Gholamreza Anbarjafari3Tarmo Tamm4Conducting Polymers in Composites and Applications Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, VietnamFaculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, VietnamConducting Polymers in Composites and Applications Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, VietnamiCV Research Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaIntelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaFollowing the natural muscle antagonist actuation principle, different adaptations for “artificial muscles” are introduced in this work. Polypyrrole (PPy) films of different polymerization techniques (potentiostatic and galvanostatic) were analyzed and their established responses were combined in several ways, resulting in beneficial actuation modes. A consecutive “one-pot” electrosynthesis of two layers with the different deposition regimes resulted in an all-PPy bending hybrid actuator. While in most cases the mixed-ion activity of conductive polymers has been considered a problem or a drawback, here for the first time, the nearly equal expansions upon oxidation and reduction of carefully selected conditions further allowed to fabricate a “mirrored” trilayer laminate, which behaved as a linear actuator.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/6/861polypyrrolepolymerization conditionslinear actuatorsbending hybrid actuatormirror linear trilayer |
| spellingShingle | Rudolf Kiefer Ngoc Tuan Nguyen Quoc Bao Le Gholamreza Anbarjafari Tarmo Tamm Antagonist Concepts of Polypyrrole Actuators: Bending Hybrid Actuator and Mirrored Trilayer Linear Actuator Polymers polypyrrole polymerization conditions linear actuators bending hybrid actuator mirror linear trilayer |
| title | Antagonist Concepts of Polypyrrole Actuators: Bending Hybrid Actuator and Mirrored Trilayer Linear Actuator |
| title_full | Antagonist Concepts of Polypyrrole Actuators: Bending Hybrid Actuator and Mirrored Trilayer Linear Actuator |
| title_fullStr | Antagonist Concepts of Polypyrrole Actuators: Bending Hybrid Actuator and Mirrored Trilayer Linear Actuator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antagonist Concepts of Polypyrrole Actuators: Bending Hybrid Actuator and Mirrored Trilayer Linear Actuator |
| title_short | Antagonist Concepts of Polypyrrole Actuators: Bending Hybrid Actuator and Mirrored Trilayer Linear Actuator |
| title_sort | antagonist concepts of polypyrrole actuators bending hybrid actuator and mirrored trilayer linear actuator |
| topic | polypyrrole polymerization conditions linear actuators bending hybrid actuator mirror linear trilayer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/6/861 |
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