<i>Bacillus velezensis</i> PEA1 Inhibits <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus
<i>Bacillus velezensis</i> manifests robust biocontrol activity against fungal plant pathogens; however, its antiviral activity has rarely been investigated. <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> strain PEA1 was isolated, characterized, and evaluated for antifungal and antiviral activit...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/9/1312 |
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| author | Ahmed Abdelkhalek Said I. Behiry Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar |
| author_facet | Ahmed Abdelkhalek Said I. Behiry Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar |
| author_sort | Ahmed Abdelkhalek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> manifests robust biocontrol activity against fungal plant pathogens; however, its antiviral activity has rarely been investigated. <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> strain PEA1 was isolated, characterized, and evaluated for antifungal and antiviral activities against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> MT270445 and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) MN594112. Our findings proved that strain PEA1 had intense antagonist activity against <i>F.</i><i>oxysporum</i>. Under greenhouse conditions, the antiviral activities (protective, curative, and inactivation) of PEA1-culture filtrate (CF) on <i>Datura stramonium</i> plants were assayed, using a half-leaf method. The inactivation treatment exhibited the highest inhibition rate (97.56%) and the most considerable reduction of <i>CMV-CP</i> accumulation levels (2.1-fold) in PEA1-CF-treated plants when compared with untreated plants (26.9-fold). Furthermore, PEA1-CF induced systemic resistance with significantly elevated transcriptional levels of <i>PAL</i>, <i>CHS</i>, <i>HQT</i>, <i>PR-1</i>, and <i>POD</i> genes in <i>D</i>. <i>stramonium</i> leaves after all treatments. Gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry analysis showed that pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione is the main compound in the PEA1-CF ethyl acetate extract, which may act as an elicitor molecule that induces plant systemic resistance and inhibits both fungal growth and viral replication. Consequently, <i>B. velezensis</i> can be considered as a potential source for the production of bioactive compounds for the management of plant diseases. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the antiviral activity of <i>B</i>. <i>velezensis</i> against plant viral infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:36:37Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:36:37Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-30949f19f5614c75b35994ee9dbe11fe2023-11-20T12:22:06ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-09-01109131210.3390/agronomy10091312<i>Bacillus velezensis</i> PEA1 Inhibits <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic VirusAhmed Abdelkhalek0Said I. Behiry1Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar2Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, ALCRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab City, Alexandria 21934, EgyptAgricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia<i>Bacillus velezensis</i> manifests robust biocontrol activity against fungal plant pathogens; however, its antiviral activity has rarely been investigated. <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> strain PEA1 was isolated, characterized, and evaluated for antifungal and antiviral activities against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> MT270445 and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) MN594112. Our findings proved that strain PEA1 had intense antagonist activity against <i>F.</i><i>oxysporum</i>. Under greenhouse conditions, the antiviral activities (protective, curative, and inactivation) of PEA1-culture filtrate (CF) on <i>Datura stramonium</i> plants were assayed, using a half-leaf method. The inactivation treatment exhibited the highest inhibition rate (97.56%) and the most considerable reduction of <i>CMV-CP</i> accumulation levels (2.1-fold) in PEA1-CF-treated plants when compared with untreated plants (26.9-fold). Furthermore, PEA1-CF induced systemic resistance with significantly elevated transcriptional levels of <i>PAL</i>, <i>CHS</i>, <i>HQT</i>, <i>PR-1</i>, and <i>POD</i> genes in <i>D</i>. <i>stramonium</i> leaves after all treatments. Gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry analysis showed that pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione is the main compound in the PEA1-CF ethyl acetate extract, which may act as an elicitor molecule that induces plant systemic resistance and inhibits both fungal growth and viral replication. Consequently, <i>B. velezensis</i> can be considered as a potential source for the production of bioactive compounds for the management of plant diseases. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the antiviral activity of <i>B</i>. <i>velezensis</i> against plant viral infection.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/9/1312<i>Bacillus velezensis</i><i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>cucumber mosaic virusantifungalantiviralgene expression |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed Abdelkhalek Said I. Behiry Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> PEA1 Inhibits <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus Agronomy <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> cucumber mosaic virus antifungal antiviral gene expression |
| title | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> PEA1 Inhibits <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus |
| title_full | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> PEA1 Inhibits <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus |
| title_fullStr | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> PEA1 Inhibits <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> PEA1 Inhibits <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus |
| title_short | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> PEA1 Inhibits <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus |
| title_sort | i bacillus velezensis i pea1 inhibits i fusarium oxysporum i growth and induces systemic resistance to cucumber mosaic virus |
| topic | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> cucumber mosaic virus antifungal antiviral gene expression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/9/1312 |
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