Effects of an Oral Contraceptive on Dynamic Brain States and Network Modularity in a Serial Single-Subject Study
Hormonal contraceptive drugs are used by adolescent and adult women worldwide. Increasing evidence from human neuroimaging research indicates that oral contraceptives can alter regional functional brain connectivity and brain chemistry. However, questions remain regarding static whole-brain and dyna...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.855582/full |
| _version_ | 1828732597452144640 |
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| author | Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen Drummond E-Wen McCulloch Anders Stevnhoved Olsen Anders Stevnhoved Olsen Silvia Elisabetta Portis Bruzzone Silvia Elisabetta Portis Bruzzone Søren Vinther Larsen Søren Vinther Larsen Patrick MacDonald Fisher Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer |
| author_facet | Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen Drummond E-Wen McCulloch Anders Stevnhoved Olsen Anders Stevnhoved Olsen Silvia Elisabetta Portis Bruzzone Silvia Elisabetta Portis Bruzzone Søren Vinther Larsen Søren Vinther Larsen Patrick MacDonald Fisher Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer |
| author_sort | Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hormonal contraceptive drugs are used by adolescent and adult women worldwide. Increasing evidence from human neuroimaging research indicates that oral contraceptives can alter regional functional brain connectivity and brain chemistry. However, questions remain regarding static whole-brain and dynamic network-wise functional connectivity changes. A healthy woman (23 years old) was scanned every day over 30 consecutive days during a naturally occurring menstrual cycle and again a year later while using a combined hormonal contraceptive. Here we calculated graph theory-derived, whole-brain, network-level measures (modularity and system segregation) and global brain connectivity (characteristic path length) as well as dynamic functional brain connectivity using Leading Eigenvector Dynamic Analysis and diametrical clustering. These metrics were calculated for each scan session during the serial sampling periods to compare metrics between the subject’s natural and contraceptive cycles. Modularity, system segregation, and characteristic path length were statistically significantly higher across the natural compared to contraceptive cycle scans. We also observed a shift in the prevalence of two discrete brain states when using the contraceptive. Our results suggest a more network-structured brain connectivity architecture during the natural cycle, whereas oral contraceptive use is associated with a generally increased connectivity structure evidenced by lower characteristic path length. The results of this repeated, single-subject analysis allude to the possible effects of oral contraceptives on brain-wide connectivity, which should be evaluated in a cohort to resolve the extent to which these effects generalize across the population and the possible impact of a year-long period between conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T18:04:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-30a55a4be7dd4a01901a886d8915abc4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T18:04:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-30a55a4be7dd4a01901a886d8915abc42022-12-22T03:22:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2022-06-011610.3389/fnins.2022.855582855582Effects of an Oral Contraceptive on Dynamic Brain States and Network Modularity in a Serial Single-Subject StudyKristian Høj Reveles Jensen0Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen1Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen2Drummond E-Wen McCulloch3Anders Stevnhoved Olsen4Anders Stevnhoved Olsen5Silvia Elisabetta Portis Bruzzone6Silvia Elisabetta Portis Bruzzone7Søren Vinther Larsen8Søren Vinther Larsen9Patrick MacDonald Fisher10Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer11Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer12Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer13Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkPsychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkNeurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkNeurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, DTU Compute, Kongens Lyngby, DenmarkNeurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkNeurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkNeurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkNeurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkPsychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkHormonal contraceptive drugs are used by adolescent and adult women worldwide. Increasing evidence from human neuroimaging research indicates that oral contraceptives can alter regional functional brain connectivity and brain chemistry. However, questions remain regarding static whole-brain and dynamic network-wise functional connectivity changes. A healthy woman (23 years old) was scanned every day over 30 consecutive days during a naturally occurring menstrual cycle and again a year later while using a combined hormonal contraceptive. Here we calculated graph theory-derived, whole-brain, network-level measures (modularity and system segregation) and global brain connectivity (characteristic path length) as well as dynamic functional brain connectivity using Leading Eigenvector Dynamic Analysis and diametrical clustering. These metrics were calculated for each scan session during the serial sampling periods to compare metrics between the subject’s natural and contraceptive cycles. Modularity, system segregation, and characteristic path length were statistically significantly higher across the natural compared to contraceptive cycle scans. We also observed a shift in the prevalence of two discrete brain states when using the contraceptive. Our results suggest a more network-structured brain connectivity architecture during the natural cycle, whereas oral contraceptive use is associated with a generally increased connectivity structure evidenced by lower characteristic path length. The results of this repeated, single-subject analysis allude to the possible effects of oral contraceptives on brain-wide connectivity, which should be evaluated in a cohort to resolve the extent to which these effects generalize across the population and the possible impact of a year-long period between conditions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.855582/fulloral contraceptive (OC)functional connectivity (FC)functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)menstrual cyclesteroid hormonesdynamic functional connectivity (dFC) |
| spellingShingle | Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen Drummond E-Wen McCulloch Anders Stevnhoved Olsen Anders Stevnhoved Olsen Silvia Elisabetta Portis Bruzzone Silvia Elisabetta Portis Bruzzone Søren Vinther Larsen Søren Vinther Larsen Patrick MacDonald Fisher Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer Vibe Gedsoe Frokjaer Effects of an Oral Contraceptive on Dynamic Brain States and Network Modularity in a Serial Single-Subject Study Frontiers in Neuroscience oral contraceptive (OC) functional connectivity (FC) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) menstrual cycle steroid hormones dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) |
| title | Effects of an Oral Contraceptive on Dynamic Brain States and Network Modularity in a Serial Single-Subject Study |
| title_full | Effects of an Oral Contraceptive on Dynamic Brain States and Network Modularity in a Serial Single-Subject Study |
| title_fullStr | Effects of an Oral Contraceptive on Dynamic Brain States and Network Modularity in a Serial Single-Subject Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of an Oral Contraceptive on Dynamic Brain States and Network Modularity in a Serial Single-Subject Study |
| title_short | Effects of an Oral Contraceptive on Dynamic Brain States and Network Modularity in a Serial Single-Subject Study |
| title_sort | effects of an oral contraceptive on dynamic brain states and network modularity in a serial single subject study |
| topic | oral contraceptive (OC) functional connectivity (FC) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) menstrual cycle steroid hormones dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.855582/full |
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