Enhanced Biodegradation Rate of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Composites Using Reed Fiber
To enhance the degradability of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), reed fiber (RF) was blended with PBAT to create composite materials. In this study, a fifteen day degradation experiment was conducted using four different enzyme solutions containing lipase, cellulase, Proteinase K, and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/3/411 |
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| author | Jia Xu Kunpeng Feng Yuan Li Jixing Xie Yingsai Wang Zhiqiang Zhang Qing Hu |
| author_facet | Jia Xu Kunpeng Feng Yuan Li Jixing Xie Yingsai Wang Zhiqiang Zhang Qing Hu |
| author_sort | Jia Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To enhance the degradability of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), reed fiber (RF) was blended with PBAT to create composite materials. In this study, a fifteen day degradation experiment was conducted using four different enzyme solutions containing lipase, cellulase, Proteinase K, and esterase, respectively. The degradation process of the sample films was analyzed using an analytical balance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The PBAT/RF composites exhibited an increased surface hydrophilicity, which enhanced their degradation capacity. Among all the enzymes tested, lipase had the most significant impact on the degradation rate. The weight loss of PBAT and PBAT/RF, caused by lipase, was approximately 5.63% and 8.17%, respectively. DSC analysis revealed an increase in the melting temperature and crystallinity over time, especially in the film containing reed fibers. FTIR results indicated a significant weakening of the ester bond peak in the samples. Moreover, this article describes a biodegradation study conducted for three months under controlled composting conditions of PBAT and PBAT/RF samples. The results showed that PBAT/RF degraded more easily in compost as compared to PBAT. The lag phase of PBAT/RF was observed to decrease by 23.8%, while the biodegradation rate exhibited an increase of 11.8% over a period of 91 days. SEM analysis demonstrated the formation of more cracks and pores on the surface of PBAT/RF composites during the degradation process. This leads to an increased contact area between the composites and microorganisms, thereby accelerating the degradation of PBAT/RF. This research is significant for preparing highly degradable PBAT composites and improving the application prospects of biodegradable green materials. PBAT/RF composites are devoted to replacing petroleum-based polymer materials with sustainable, natural materials in advanced applications such as constructional design, biomedical application, and eco-environmental packaging. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:50:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-30d86b6fdfb84ebca2ed2e239426cf7c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:50:31Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-30d86b6fdfb84ebca2ed2e239426cf7c2024-02-09T15:20:59ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602024-02-0116341110.3390/polym16030411Enhanced Biodegradation Rate of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Composites Using Reed FiberJia Xu0Kunpeng Feng1Yuan Li2Jixing Xie3Yingsai Wang4Zhiqiang Zhang5Qing Hu6Xiong’an Institute of Innovation, Baoding 071700, ChinaXiong’an Institute of Innovation, Baoding 071700, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, ChinaXiong’an Institute of Innovation, Baoding 071700, ChinaXiong’an Institute of Innovation, Baoding 071700, ChinaXiong’an Institute of Innovation, Baoding 071700, ChinaTo enhance the degradability of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), reed fiber (RF) was blended with PBAT to create composite materials. In this study, a fifteen day degradation experiment was conducted using four different enzyme solutions containing lipase, cellulase, Proteinase K, and esterase, respectively. The degradation process of the sample films was analyzed using an analytical balance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The PBAT/RF composites exhibited an increased surface hydrophilicity, which enhanced their degradation capacity. Among all the enzymes tested, lipase had the most significant impact on the degradation rate. The weight loss of PBAT and PBAT/RF, caused by lipase, was approximately 5.63% and 8.17%, respectively. DSC analysis revealed an increase in the melting temperature and crystallinity over time, especially in the film containing reed fibers. FTIR results indicated a significant weakening of the ester bond peak in the samples. Moreover, this article describes a biodegradation study conducted for three months under controlled composting conditions of PBAT and PBAT/RF samples. The results showed that PBAT/RF degraded more easily in compost as compared to PBAT. The lag phase of PBAT/RF was observed to decrease by 23.8%, while the biodegradation rate exhibited an increase of 11.8% over a period of 91 days. SEM analysis demonstrated the formation of more cracks and pores on the surface of PBAT/RF composites during the degradation process. This leads to an increased contact area between the composites and microorganisms, thereby accelerating the degradation of PBAT/RF. This research is significant for preparing highly degradable PBAT composites and improving the application prospects of biodegradable green materials. PBAT/RF composites are devoted to replacing petroleum-based polymer materials with sustainable, natural materials in advanced applications such as constructional design, biomedical application, and eco-environmental packaging.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/3/411poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)reed fibersbiodegradationenzyme degradationcompost |
| spellingShingle | Jia Xu Kunpeng Feng Yuan Li Jixing Xie Yingsai Wang Zhiqiang Zhang Qing Hu Enhanced Biodegradation Rate of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Composites Using Reed Fiber Polymers poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) reed fibers biodegradation enzyme degradation compost |
| title | Enhanced Biodegradation Rate of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Composites Using Reed Fiber |
| title_full | Enhanced Biodegradation Rate of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Composites Using Reed Fiber |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Biodegradation Rate of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Composites Using Reed Fiber |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Biodegradation Rate of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Composites Using Reed Fiber |
| title_short | Enhanced Biodegradation Rate of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Composites Using Reed Fiber |
| title_sort | enhanced biodegradation rate of poly butylene adipate co terephthalate composites using reed fiber |
| topic | poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) reed fibers biodegradation enzyme degradation compost |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/3/411 |
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