Novel Antiviral and Antibacterial Activities of <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i>
<i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> (Dyer) Hook.f. (Malvaceae) is an ornamental plant. The aim was to investigate its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. In vitro antiviral, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of the 70% ethanolic extract (Et-E) of the aerial parts of the plant wer...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/11/756 |
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| author | Riham A. El-Shiekh Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen Hossam M. Ashour Rehab M. Ashour |
| author_facet | Riham A. El-Shiekh Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen Hossam M. Ashour Rehab M. Ashour |
| author_sort | Riham A. El-Shiekh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> (Dyer) Hook.f. (Malvaceae) is an ornamental plant. The aim was to investigate its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. In vitro antiviral, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of the 70% ethanolic extract (Et-E) of the aerial parts of the plant were determined. The Dichloromethane Fraction (DCM-F) and the <i>n</i>-Butanol Fraction (Bu-F) were assessed using Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The DCM-F showed higher antiviral activities against Coxsackie B4 (CoxB4) viruses (IC<sub>50</sub> = 64.13 µg/mL) and adenoviruses (IC<sub>50</sub> = 54.88 µg/mL) than acyclovir (IC<sub>50</sub> = 72.79 µg/mL for CoxB4 viruses; IC<sub>50</sub> = 91.92 µg/mL for adenoviruses). The DCM-F showed higher anti-<i>helicobacter pylori</i> activity (MIC = 3.9 µg/mL) than clarithromycin (MIC = 1.95 µg/mL). The DCM-F inhibited Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type I (IC<sub>50</sub> = 29.85 µg/mL) and HSV Type II (IC<sub>50</sub> = 74.17 µg/mL). The Bu-F showed higher anti-mycobacterial activity (MIC = 7.81 µg/mL) than isoniazid (MIC = 0.24 µg/mL) and higher antibacterial activity against <i>methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA)(MIC = 7.81 µg/mL) than vancomycin (MIC = 3.9 µg/mL). Antioxidant assays included total antioxidant capacity (TAC), 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and iron reducing power. The Bu-F showed the highest antioxidant activity. Chemical profiles were analyzed using HPLC-HR–ESI–MS to identify the metabolites responsible for these biological activities. We identified more than 60 metabolites that belong to anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenes, sterols, and fatty acids. In conclusion, <i>Hibiscus</i><i>schizopetalus</i> is endowed with metabolites that could be used against viruses and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. They can also be potent antioxidants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:13:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-30df6935a98b4936a0e5863afd2dd410 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:13:41Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-30df6935a98b4936a0e5863afd2dd4102023-11-20T19:08:00ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822020-10-0191175610.3390/antibiotics9110756Novel Antiviral and Antibacterial Activities of <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i>Riham A. El-Shiekh0Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen1Hossam M. Ashour2Rehab M. Ashour3Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia City 61111, EgyptDepartment of Integrative Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USADepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt<i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> (Dyer) Hook.f. (Malvaceae) is an ornamental plant. The aim was to investigate its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. In vitro antiviral, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of the 70% ethanolic extract (Et-E) of the aerial parts of the plant were determined. The Dichloromethane Fraction (DCM-F) and the <i>n</i>-Butanol Fraction (Bu-F) were assessed using Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The DCM-F showed higher antiviral activities against Coxsackie B4 (CoxB4) viruses (IC<sub>50</sub> = 64.13 µg/mL) and adenoviruses (IC<sub>50</sub> = 54.88 µg/mL) than acyclovir (IC<sub>50</sub> = 72.79 µg/mL for CoxB4 viruses; IC<sub>50</sub> = 91.92 µg/mL for adenoviruses). The DCM-F showed higher anti-<i>helicobacter pylori</i> activity (MIC = 3.9 µg/mL) than clarithromycin (MIC = 1.95 µg/mL). The DCM-F inhibited Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type I (IC<sub>50</sub> = 29.85 µg/mL) and HSV Type II (IC<sub>50</sub> = 74.17 µg/mL). The Bu-F showed higher anti-mycobacterial activity (MIC = 7.81 µg/mL) than isoniazid (MIC = 0.24 µg/mL) and higher antibacterial activity against <i>methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA)(MIC = 7.81 µg/mL) than vancomycin (MIC = 3.9 µg/mL). Antioxidant assays included total antioxidant capacity (TAC), 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and iron reducing power. The Bu-F showed the highest antioxidant activity. Chemical profiles were analyzed using HPLC-HR–ESI–MS to identify the metabolites responsible for these biological activities. We identified more than 60 metabolites that belong to anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenes, sterols, and fatty acids. In conclusion, <i>Hibiscus</i><i>schizopetalus</i> is endowed with metabolites that could be used against viruses and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. They can also be potent antioxidants.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/11/756<i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i>antioxidantantiviralantimicrobialanthocyaninsLC-MS |
| spellingShingle | Riham A. El-Shiekh Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen Hossam M. Ashour Rehab M. Ashour Novel Antiviral and Antibacterial Activities of <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> Antibiotics <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> antioxidant antiviral antimicrobial anthocyanins LC-MS |
| title | Novel Antiviral and Antibacterial Activities of <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> |
| title_full | Novel Antiviral and Antibacterial Activities of <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> |
| title_fullStr | Novel Antiviral and Antibacterial Activities of <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Novel Antiviral and Antibacterial Activities of <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> |
| title_short | Novel Antiviral and Antibacterial Activities of <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> |
| title_sort | novel antiviral and antibacterial activities of i hibiscus schizopetalus i |
| topic | <i>Hibiscus schizopetalus</i> antioxidant antiviral antimicrobial anthocyanins LC-MS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/11/756 |
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