Validation of a commercial version of a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to Besnoitia besnoiti
Abstract Background Several reports suggest a further spread of besnoitiosis to countries in which Besnoitia besnoiti-infected bovine herds have not been noticed yet. Cattle infected without clinical signs may represent reservoirs. Serological analyses in affected herds or animals from endemic regio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05591-2 |
| _version_ | 1811302172995878912 |
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| author | Gereon Schares Andrea Bärwald Marie-Astrid Vernet Frédéric Bernard Béatrice Blanchard Philippe Coppe |
| author_facet | Gereon Schares Andrea Bärwald Marie-Astrid Vernet Frédéric Bernard Béatrice Blanchard Philippe Coppe |
| author_sort | Gereon Schares |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Several reports suggest a further spread of besnoitiosis to countries in which Besnoitia besnoiti-infected bovine herds have not been noticed yet. Cattle infected without clinical signs may represent reservoirs. Serological analyses in affected herds or animals from endemic regions are necessary to identify subclinical or inapparent infections and stop transmission to naïve animals or herds. The Monoscreen AbELISA Besnoitia besnoiti (BIO K 466) is based on a previously published in-house competitive ELISA, the Bb-cELISA1, but has a different test architecture. The present study aimed to use sera from a previous evaluation of Bb-cELISA1 to assess whether BIO K466 shows identical results. In addition, further well-characterized positive and negative samples were analysed to estimate diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Methods A first set of sera consisted of a total of 305 bovine sera, collected from German herds infected by B. besnoiti, Neospora caninum or Sarcocystis spp. Sera had been characterized by reference serological tests (i.e. immunoblot, immunofluorescence antibody test and an in-house indirect ELISA). A second set consisted of 200 confirmed B. besnoiti-positive sera from French herds. Negative cattle sera (n = 624) originated from Norway and The Netherlands, countries in which bovine besnoitiosis has not been reported yet. Results Using the first set of sera, the BIO K466 showed an estimated diagnostic sensitivity of 97.9% (95% CI: 91.9%–99.6) and a diagnostic specificity of 99.5% (95% CI: 96.9%–100%) relative to reference serological tests. A direct comparison of the results revealed an almost perfect agreement between the results of the in-house Bb-cELISA1 and the commercialized version (kappa 0.98; 95% CI: 0.95–1). The validation using positive bovine sera from France and negative sera from other European countries revealed a diagnostic sensitivity of 97.5% (95% CI: 93.9%–99.1%) and specificity of 99.5% (95% CI: 98.5%–99.9%). Conclusion In conclusion, BIO K 466 appears to be a suitable tool to diagnose bovine besnoitiosis, but needs further validation especially in cases of inconclusive, suspected false-positive or -negative results in other serological tests. Graphic abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:24:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-30f20f8a69cc4083ac1ac38fc64d8518 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:24:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-30f20f8a69cc4083ac1ac38fc64d85182022-12-22T02:56:32ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052022-12-011511610.1186/s13071-022-05591-2Validation of a commercial version of a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to Besnoitia besnoitiGereon Schares0Andrea Bärwald1Marie-Astrid Vernet2Frédéric Bernard3Béatrice Blanchard4Philippe Coppe5Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Insel RiemsInstitute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Insel RiemsBio-X DiagnosticsBio-X DiagnosticsBio-X DiagnosticsBio-X DiagnosticsAbstract Background Several reports suggest a further spread of besnoitiosis to countries in which Besnoitia besnoiti-infected bovine herds have not been noticed yet. Cattle infected without clinical signs may represent reservoirs. Serological analyses in affected herds or animals from endemic regions are necessary to identify subclinical or inapparent infections and stop transmission to naïve animals or herds. The Monoscreen AbELISA Besnoitia besnoiti (BIO K 466) is based on a previously published in-house competitive ELISA, the Bb-cELISA1, but has a different test architecture. The present study aimed to use sera from a previous evaluation of Bb-cELISA1 to assess whether BIO K466 shows identical results. In addition, further well-characterized positive and negative samples were analysed to estimate diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Methods A first set of sera consisted of a total of 305 bovine sera, collected from German herds infected by B. besnoiti, Neospora caninum or Sarcocystis spp. Sera had been characterized by reference serological tests (i.e. immunoblot, immunofluorescence antibody test and an in-house indirect ELISA). A second set consisted of 200 confirmed B. besnoiti-positive sera from French herds. Negative cattle sera (n = 624) originated from Norway and The Netherlands, countries in which bovine besnoitiosis has not been reported yet. Results Using the first set of sera, the BIO K466 showed an estimated diagnostic sensitivity of 97.9% (95% CI: 91.9%–99.6) and a diagnostic specificity of 99.5% (95% CI: 96.9%–100%) relative to reference serological tests. A direct comparison of the results revealed an almost perfect agreement between the results of the in-house Bb-cELISA1 and the commercialized version (kappa 0.98; 95% CI: 0.95–1). The validation using positive bovine sera from France and negative sera from other European countries revealed a diagnostic sensitivity of 97.5% (95% CI: 93.9%–99.1%) and specificity of 99.5% (95% CI: 98.5%–99.9%). Conclusion In conclusion, BIO K 466 appears to be a suitable tool to diagnose bovine besnoitiosis, but needs further validation especially in cases of inconclusive, suspected false-positive or -negative results in other serological tests. Graphic abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05591-2Bovine besnoitiosiscELISACross-reactivityInhibition ELISASerological test |
| spellingShingle | Gereon Schares Andrea Bärwald Marie-Astrid Vernet Frédéric Bernard Béatrice Blanchard Philippe Coppe Validation of a commercial version of a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to Besnoitia besnoiti Parasites & Vectors Bovine besnoitiosis cELISA Cross-reactivity Inhibition ELISA Serological test |
| title | Validation of a commercial version of a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to Besnoitia besnoiti |
| title_full | Validation of a commercial version of a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to Besnoitia besnoiti |
| title_fullStr | Validation of a commercial version of a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to Besnoitia besnoiti |
| title_full_unstemmed | Validation of a commercial version of a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to Besnoitia besnoiti |
| title_short | Validation of a commercial version of a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to Besnoitia besnoiti |
| title_sort | validation of a commercial version of a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to besnoitia besnoiti |
| topic | Bovine besnoitiosis cELISA Cross-reactivity Inhibition ELISA Serological test |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05591-2 |
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