Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Purpose: Enhanced external counterpulsation is a non-invasive treatment that increases coronary flow in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the acute responses of vascular and blood flow characteristics in the conduit arteries during and immediately after enhanced external counterp...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.721140/full |
| _version_ | 1818989667314302976 |
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| author | Yahui Zhang Yahui Zhang Yahui Zhang Ziqi Chen Ziqi Chen Zhouming Mai Wenjuan Zhou Hui Wang Xiaodong Zhang Wenbin Wei Jianhang Du Jianhang Du Jianhang Du Guifu Wu Guifu Wu Guifu Wu |
| author_facet | Yahui Zhang Yahui Zhang Yahui Zhang Ziqi Chen Ziqi Chen Zhouming Mai Wenjuan Zhou Hui Wang Xiaodong Zhang Wenbin Wei Jianhang Du Jianhang Du Jianhang Du Guifu Wu Guifu Wu Guifu Wu |
| author_sort | Yahui Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose: Enhanced external counterpulsation is a non-invasive treatment that increases coronary flow in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the acute responses of vascular and blood flow characteristics in the conduit arteries during and immediately after enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) need to be verified.Methods: Forty-two patients with CAD and 21 healthy controls were recruited into this study to receive 45 min-EECP. Both common carotid arteries (CCAs), namely, the left carotid (LC) and right carotid (RC), the right brachial (RB), and right femoral (RF) artery were imaged using a Color Doppler ultrasound. The peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), mean inner diameter (ID), resistance index (RI), and mean flow rate (FR) were measured and calculated before, during, and after the 45 min-EECP treatment.Results: During EECP, in the CCAs, the EDV was significantly decreased, while the RI was markedly increased in the two groups (both P < 0.01). However, immediately after EECP, the RI in the RC was significantly lower than that at the baseline in the patients with CAD (P = 0.039). The FR of the LC was markedly increased during EECP only in the CAD patients (P = 0.004). The PSV of the patients with CAD was also significantly reduced during EECP (P = 0.015) and immediately after EECP (P = 0.005) compared with the baseline. Moreover, the ID of the LC, RB, and RF was significantly higher immediately after EECP than that at the baseline (all P < 0.05) in the patients with CAD. In addition, they were also higher than that in the control groups (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, by the subgroup analysis, there were significant differences in the FR, PSV, and RI between females and males during and immediately after EECP (all P < 0.05).Conclusions: Enhanced external counterpulsation creates different responses of vascular and blood flow characteristics in carotid and peripheral arteries, with more significant effects in both the carotid arteries. Additionally, the beneficial effects in ID, blood flow velocity, RI, and FR after 45 min-EECP were shown only in the patients with CAD. More importantly, acute improvement of EECP in the FR of the brachial artery was showed in males, while the FR and RI of the carotid arteries changed in females. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T19:42:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-30fe03b1dacd450e80c9ca0da6ef45ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T19:42:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-30fe03b1dacd450e80c9ca0da6ef45ca2022-12-21T19:28:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2021-11-01810.3389/fcvm.2021.721140721140Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Coronary Artery DiseaseYahui Zhang0Yahui Zhang1Yahui Zhang2Ziqi Chen3Ziqi Chen4Zhouming Mai5Wenjuan Zhou6Hui Wang7Xiaodong Zhang8Wenbin Wei9Jianhang Du10Jianhang Du11Jianhang Du12Guifu Wu13Guifu Wu14Guifu Wu15Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Physical Education, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, ChinaPurpose: Enhanced external counterpulsation is a non-invasive treatment that increases coronary flow in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the acute responses of vascular and blood flow characteristics in the conduit arteries during and immediately after enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) need to be verified.Methods: Forty-two patients with CAD and 21 healthy controls were recruited into this study to receive 45 min-EECP. Both common carotid arteries (CCAs), namely, the left carotid (LC) and right carotid (RC), the right brachial (RB), and right femoral (RF) artery were imaged using a Color Doppler ultrasound. The peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), mean inner diameter (ID), resistance index (RI), and mean flow rate (FR) were measured and calculated before, during, and after the 45 min-EECP treatment.Results: During EECP, in the CCAs, the EDV was significantly decreased, while the RI was markedly increased in the two groups (both P < 0.01). However, immediately after EECP, the RI in the RC was significantly lower than that at the baseline in the patients with CAD (P = 0.039). The FR of the LC was markedly increased during EECP only in the CAD patients (P = 0.004). The PSV of the patients with CAD was also significantly reduced during EECP (P = 0.015) and immediately after EECP (P = 0.005) compared with the baseline. Moreover, the ID of the LC, RB, and RF was significantly higher immediately after EECP than that at the baseline (all P < 0.05) in the patients with CAD. In addition, they were also higher than that in the control groups (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, by the subgroup analysis, there were significant differences in the FR, PSV, and RI between females and males during and immediately after EECP (all P < 0.05).Conclusions: Enhanced external counterpulsation creates different responses of vascular and blood flow characteristics in carotid and peripheral arteries, with more significant effects in both the carotid arteries. Additionally, the beneficial effects in ID, blood flow velocity, RI, and FR after 45 min-EECP were shown only in the patients with CAD. More importantly, acute improvement of EECP in the FR of the brachial artery was showed in males, while the FR and RI of the carotid arteries changed in females.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.721140/fullenhanced external counterpulsationcarotid arteriesperipheral hemodynamicscoronary artery diseaseacute response |
| spellingShingle | Yahui Zhang Yahui Zhang Yahui Zhang Ziqi Chen Ziqi Chen Zhouming Mai Wenjuan Zhou Hui Wang Xiaodong Zhang Wenbin Wei Jianhang Du Jianhang Du Jianhang Du Guifu Wu Guifu Wu Guifu Wu Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine enhanced external counterpulsation carotid arteries peripheral hemodynamics coronary artery disease acute response |
| title | Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_full | Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_fullStr | Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_short | Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_sort | acute hemodynamic responses to enhanced external counterpulsation in patients with coronary artery disease |
| topic | enhanced external counterpulsation carotid arteries peripheral hemodynamics coronary artery disease acute response |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.721140/full |
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