Vulnerability Mapping of Groundwater Resources of Mekelle City and Surroundings, Tigray Region, Ethiopia
The management and monitoring of the quality of water resources in the Mekelle area are challenging, due to both geogenic and anthropogenic impacts. The extent of these impacts and the sources of pollution in this area have not been thoroughly investigated. In this article, a mapping of water resour...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/16/2577 |
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| author | Kaleab Adhena Abera Tesfamichael Gebreyohannes Berhane Abrha Miruts Hagos Gebremedhin Berhane Abdelwassie Hussien Ashebir Sewale Belay Marc Van Camp Kristine Walraevens |
| author_facet | Kaleab Adhena Abera Tesfamichael Gebreyohannes Berhane Abrha Miruts Hagos Gebremedhin Berhane Abdelwassie Hussien Ashebir Sewale Belay Marc Van Camp Kristine Walraevens |
| author_sort | Kaleab Adhena Abera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The management and monitoring of the quality of water resources in the Mekelle area are challenging, due to both geogenic and anthropogenic impacts. The extent of these impacts and the sources of pollution in this area have not been thoroughly investigated. In this article, a mapping of water resources vulnerability was carried out using the DRASTIC method and a modified DRASTIC vulnerability map was produced. Single-parameter and map-removal sensitivity analyses were performed on the relevant rates and weights. A final DRASTIC vulnerability index, varying from 54 to 140, was divided into four vulnerability classes: low (225.7 km<sup>2</sup>), medium (302.8 km<sup>2</sup>), high (307.2 km<sup>2</sup>), and very high (187.6 km<sup>2</sup>); the values in the parentheses indicate the corresponding areal coverage of each class. Similarly, a modified DRASTIC vulnerability index, ranging from 91 to 192, was divided into four vulnerability classes: low (166.4 km<sup>2</sup>), medium (266.8 km<sup>2</sup>), high (338.0 km<sup>2</sup>), and very high (252.2 km<sup>2</sup>) Nitrates were used to validate both models. in which moderate positive correlations (with Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r) of 0.681 and 0.702 were calculated for the DRASTIC and modified DRASTIC indices, respectively. A comparison of the two maps showed that significant sources of pollution are located in areas with high to very high vulnerability. The results of this research work can be used for the protection and monitoring of groundwater resources in the Mekelle area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:46:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3101670ec6cc437493b36d0f3960d37d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:46:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-3101670ec6cc437493b36d0f3960d37d2023-12-02T00:29:39ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-08-011416257710.3390/w14162577Vulnerability Mapping of Groundwater Resources of Mekelle City and Surroundings, Tigray Region, EthiopiaKaleab Adhena Abera0Tesfamichael Gebreyohannes1Berhane Abrha2Miruts Hagos3Gebremedhin Berhane4Abdelwassie Hussien5Ashebir Sewale Belay6Marc Van Camp7Kristine Walraevens8Laboratory for Applied Geology and Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle P.O. Box 231, EthiopiaDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle P.O. Box 231, EthiopiaDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle P.O. Box 231, EthiopiaDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle P.O. Box 231, EthiopiaDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle P.O. Box 231, EthiopiaLaboratory for Applied Geology and Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumLaboratory for Applied Geology and Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumLaboratory for Applied Geology and Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumThe management and monitoring of the quality of water resources in the Mekelle area are challenging, due to both geogenic and anthropogenic impacts. The extent of these impacts and the sources of pollution in this area have not been thoroughly investigated. In this article, a mapping of water resources vulnerability was carried out using the DRASTIC method and a modified DRASTIC vulnerability map was produced. Single-parameter and map-removal sensitivity analyses were performed on the relevant rates and weights. A final DRASTIC vulnerability index, varying from 54 to 140, was divided into four vulnerability classes: low (225.7 km<sup>2</sup>), medium (302.8 km<sup>2</sup>), high (307.2 km<sup>2</sup>), and very high (187.6 km<sup>2</sup>); the values in the parentheses indicate the corresponding areal coverage of each class. Similarly, a modified DRASTIC vulnerability index, ranging from 91 to 192, was divided into four vulnerability classes: low (166.4 km<sup>2</sup>), medium (266.8 km<sup>2</sup>), high (338.0 km<sup>2</sup>), and very high (252.2 km<sup>2</sup>) Nitrates were used to validate both models. in which moderate positive correlations (with Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r) of 0.681 and 0.702 were calculated for the DRASTIC and modified DRASTIC indices, respectively. A comparison of the two maps showed that significant sources of pollution are located in areas with high to very high vulnerability. The results of this research work can be used for the protection and monitoring of groundwater resources in the Mekelle area.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/16/2577pollutionMekelleanthropogenicDRASTICgroundwater |
| spellingShingle | Kaleab Adhena Abera Tesfamichael Gebreyohannes Berhane Abrha Miruts Hagos Gebremedhin Berhane Abdelwassie Hussien Ashebir Sewale Belay Marc Van Camp Kristine Walraevens Vulnerability Mapping of Groundwater Resources of Mekelle City and Surroundings, Tigray Region, Ethiopia Water pollution Mekelle anthropogenic DRASTIC groundwater |
| title | Vulnerability Mapping of Groundwater Resources of Mekelle City and Surroundings, Tigray Region, Ethiopia |
| title_full | Vulnerability Mapping of Groundwater Resources of Mekelle City and Surroundings, Tigray Region, Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Vulnerability Mapping of Groundwater Resources of Mekelle City and Surroundings, Tigray Region, Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vulnerability Mapping of Groundwater Resources of Mekelle City and Surroundings, Tigray Region, Ethiopia |
| title_short | Vulnerability Mapping of Groundwater Resources of Mekelle City and Surroundings, Tigray Region, Ethiopia |
| title_sort | vulnerability mapping of groundwater resources of mekelle city and surroundings tigray region ethiopia |
| topic | pollution Mekelle anthropogenic DRASTIC groundwater |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/16/2577 |
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