The glutamine synthetase gene family in <it>Populus</it>
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Glutamine synthetase (GS; EC: 6.3.1.2, L-glutamate: ammonia ligase ADP-forming) is a key enzyme in ammonium assimilation and metabolism of higher plants. The current work was undertaken to develop a more comprehensive understanding o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2011-08-01
|
| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/11/119 |
| _version_ | 1828762717874290688 |
|---|---|
| author | Cánovas Francisco M Kirby Edward G Avila Concepción Canales Javier García-Gutiérrez Angel Castro-Rodríguez Vanessa |
| author_facet | Cánovas Francisco M Kirby Edward G Avila Concepción Canales Javier García-Gutiérrez Angel Castro-Rodríguez Vanessa |
| author_sort | Cánovas Francisco M |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Glutamine synthetase (GS; EC: 6.3.1.2, L-glutamate: ammonia ligase ADP-forming) is a key enzyme in ammonium assimilation and metabolism of higher plants. The current work was undertaken to develop a more comprehensive understanding of molecular and biochemical features of <it>GS </it>gene family in poplar, and to characterize the developmental regulation of <it>GS </it>expression in various tissues and at various times during the poplar perennial growth.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The <it>GS </it>gene family consists of 8 different genes exhibiting all structural and regulatory elements consistent with their roles as functional genes. Our results indicate that the family members are organized in 4 groups of duplicated genes, 3 of which code for cytosolic GS isoforms (GS1) and 1 which codes for the choroplastic GS isoform (GS2). Our analysis shows that <it>Populus trichocarpa </it>is the first plant species in which it was observed the complete <it>GS </it>family duplicated. Detailed expression analyses have revealed specific spatial and seasonal patterns of <it>GS </it>expression in poplar. These data provide insights into the metabolic function of GS isoforms in poplar and pave the way for future functional studies.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our data suggest that <it>GS </it>duplicates could have been retained in order to increase the amount of enzyme in a particular cell type. This possibility could contribute to the homeostasis of nitrogen metabolism in functions associated to changes in glutamine-derived metabolic products. The presence of duplicated <it>GS </it>genes in poplar could also contribute to diversification of the enzymatic properties for a particular GS isoform through the assembly of GS polypeptides into homo oligomeric and/or hetero oligomeric holoenzymes in specific cell types.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:48:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-31125a0daebc44a8b70c090537fa45e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:48:35Z |
| publishDate | 2011-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-31125a0daebc44a8b70c090537fa45e02022-12-22T01:24:49ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292011-08-0111111910.1186/1471-2229-11-119The glutamine synthetase gene family in <it>Populus</it>Cánovas Francisco MKirby Edward GAvila ConcepciónCanales JavierGarcía-Gutiérrez AngelCastro-Rodríguez Vanessa<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Glutamine synthetase (GS; EC: 6.3.1.2, L-glutamate: ammonia ligase ADP-forming) is a key enzyme in ammonium assimilation and metabolism of higher plants. The current work was undertaken to develop a more comprehensive understanding of molecular and biochemical features of <it>GS </it>gene family in poplar, and to characterize the developmental regulation of <it>GS </it>expression in various tissues and at various times during the poplar perennial growth.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The <it>GS </it>gene family consists of 8 different genes exhibiting all structural and regulatory elements consistent with their roles as functional genes. Our results indicate that the family members are organized in 4 groups of duplicated genes, 3 of which code for cytosolic GS isoforms (GS1) and 1 which codes for the choroplastic GS isoform (GS2). Our analysis shows that <it>Populus trichocarpa </it>is the first plant species in which it was observed the complete <it>GS </it>family duplicated. Detailed expression analyses have revealed specific spatial and seasonal patterns of <it>GS </it>expression in poplar. These data provide insights into the metabolic function of GS isoforms in poplar and pave the way for future functional studies.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our data suggest that <it>GS </it>duplicates could have been retained in order to increase the amount of enzyme in a particular cell type. This possibility could contribute to the homeostasis of nitrogen metabolism in functions associated to changes in glutamine-derived metabolic products. The presence of duplicated <it>GS </it>genes in poplar could also contribute to diversification of the enzymatic properties for a particular GS isoform through the assembly of GS polypeptides into homo oligomeric and/or hetero oligomeric holoenzymes in specific cell types.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/11/119 |
| spellingShingle | Cánovas Francisco M Kirby Edward G Avila Concepción Canales Javier García-Gutiérrez Angel Castro-Rodríguez Vanessa The glutamine synthetase gene family in <it>Populus</it> BMC Plant Biology |
| title | The glutamine synthetase gene family in <it>Populus</it> |
| title_full | The glutamine synthetase gene family in <it>Populus</it> |
| title_fullStr | The glutamine synthetase gene family in <it>Populus</it> |
| title_full_unstemmed | The glutamine synthetase gene family in <it>Populus</it> |
| title_short | The glutamine synthetase gene family in <it>Populus</it> |
| title_sort | glutamine synthetase gene family in it populus it |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/11/119 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT canovasfranciscom theglutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT kirbyedwardg theglutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT avilaconcepcion theglutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT canalesjavier theglutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT garciagutierrezangel theglutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT castrorodriguezvanessa theglutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT canovasfranciscom glutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT kirbyedwardg glutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT avilaconcepcion glutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT canalesjavier glutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT garciagutierrezangel glutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit AT castrorodriguezvanessa glutaminesynthetasegenefamilyinitpopulusit |