ZnO Nanoparticles of <i>Rubia cordifolia</i> Extract Formulation Developed and Optimized with QbD Application, Considering Ex Vivo Skin Permeation, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties
The objective of the current research is to develop ZnO-Manjistha extract (ZnO-MJE) nanoparticles (NPs) and to investigate their transdermal delivery as well as antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The optimized formulation was further evaluated based on different parameters. The ZnO-MJE-NPs were...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/4/1450 |
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| author | Jasmeet Kaur Md. Khalid Anwer Ali Sartaj Bibhu Prasad Panda Abuzer Ali Ameeduzzafar Zafar Vinay Kumar Sadaf Jamal Gilani Chandra Kala Mohamad Taleuzzaman |
| author_facet | Jasmeet Kaur Md. Khalid Anwer Ali Sartaj Bibhu Prasad Panda Abuzer Ali Ameeduzzafar Zafar Vinay Kumar Sadaf Jamal Gilani Chandra Kala Mohamad Taleuzzaman |
| author_sort | Jasmeet Kaur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of the current research is to develop ZnO-Manjistha extract (ZnO-MJE) nanoparticles (NPs) and to investigate their transdermal delivery as well as antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The optimized formulation was further evaluated based on different parameters. The ZnO-MJE-NPs were prepared by mixing 10 mM ZnSO<sub>4</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O and 0.8% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i> NaOH in distilled water. To the above, a solution of 10 mL MJE (10 mg) in 50 mL of zinc sulfate was added. Box–Behnken design (Design-Expert software 12.0.1.0) was used for the optimization of ZnO-MJE-NP formulations. The ZnO-MJE-NPs were evaluated for their physicochemical characterization, in vitro release activity, ex vivo permeation across rat skin, antimicrobial activity using sterilized agar media, and antioxidant activity by the DPPH free radical method. The optimized ZnO-MJE-NP formulation (F13) showed a particle size of 257.1 ± 0.76 nm, PDI value of 0.289 ± 0.003, and entrapment efficiency of 79 ± 0.33%. Drug release kinetic models showed that the formulation followed the Korsmeyer–Peppas model with a drug release of 34.50 ± 2.56 at pH 7.4 in 24 h. In ex vivo studies ZnO-MJE-NPs-opt permeation was 63.26%. The antibacterial activity was found to be enhanced in ZnO-MJE-NPs-opt and antioxidant activity was found to be highest (93.14 ± 4.05%) at 100 µg/mL concentrations. The ZnO-MJE-NPs-opt formulation showed prolonged release of the MJE and intensified permeation. Moreover, the formulation was found to show significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) better antimicrobial and antioxidant activity as compared to conventional suspension formulations. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:19:35Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3117b08a5f01454f85ed371010554c992023-11-23T21:24:15ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-02-01274145010.3390/molecules27041450ZnO Nanoparticles of <i>Rubia cordifolia</i> Extract Formulation Developed and Optimized with QbD Application, Considering Ex Vivo Skin Permeation, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant PropertiesJasmeet Kaur0Md. Khalid Anwer1Ali Sartaj2Bibhu Prasad Panda3Abuzer Ali4Ameeduzzafar Zafar5Vinay Kumar6Sadaf Jamal Gilani7Chandra Kala8Mohamad Taleuzzaman9Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaMicrobial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif-21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Al-Jouf 72341, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology, KIET School of Pharmacy, Delhi-NCR, Meerut Road (NH-58), Ghaziabad 201206, IndiaDepartment of Basic Health Sciences, Preparatory Year, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Maulana Azad University, Village Bujhawar, Tehsil Luni, Jodhpur 342802, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Maulana Azad University, Village Bujhawar, Tehsil Luni, Jodhpur 342802, IndiaThe objective of the current research is to develop ZnO-Manjistha extract (ZnO-MJE) nanoparticles (NPs) and to investigate their transdermal delivery as well as antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The optimized formulation was further evaluated based on different parameters. The ZnO-MJE-NPs were prepared by mixing 10 mM ZnSO<sub>4</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O and 0.8% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i> NaOH in distilled water. To the above, a solution of 10 mL MJE (10 mg) in 50 mL of zinc sulfate was added. Box–Behnken design (Design-Expert software 12.0.1.0) was used for the optimization of ZnO-MJE-NP formulations. The ZnO-MJE-NPs were evaluated for their physicochemical characterization, in vitro release activity, ex vivo permeation across rat skin, antimicrobial activity using sterilized agar media, and antioxidant activity by the DPPH free radical method. The optimized ZnO-MJE-NP formulation (F13) showed a particle size of 257.1 ± 0.76 nm, PDI value of 0.289 ± 0.003, and entrapment efficiency of 79 ± 0.33%. Drug release kinetic models showed that the formulation followed the Korsmeyer–Peppas model with a drug release of 34.50 ± 2.56 at pH 7.4 in 24 h. In ex vivo studies ZnO-MJE-NPs-opt permeation was 63.26%. The antibacterial activity was found to be enhanced in ZnO-MJE-NPs-opt and antioxidant activity was found to be highest (93.14 ± 4.05%) at 100 µg/mL concentrations. The ZnO-MJE-NPs-opt formulation showed prolonged release of the MJE and intensified permeation. Moreover, the formulation was found to show significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) better antimicrobial and antioxidant activity as compared to conventional suspension formulations.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/4/1450ZnO-MJE nanoparticlesBox–Behnken designpermeation studyantimicrobial and antioxidant activityin vitro release |
| spellingShingle | Jasmeet Kaur Md. Khalid Anwer Ali Sartaj Bibhu Prasad Panda Abuzer Ali Ameeduzzafar Zafar Vinay Kumar Sadaf Jamal Gilani Chandra Kala Mohamad Taleuzzaman ZnO Nanoparticles of <i>Rubia cordifolia</i> Extract Formulation Developed and Optimized with QbD Application, Considering Ex Vivo Skin Permeation, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties Molecules ZnO-MJE nanoparticles Box–Behnken design permeation study antimicrobial and antioxidant activity in vitro release |
| title | ZnO Nanoparticles of <i>Rubia cordifolia</i> Extract Formulation Developed and Optimized with QbD Application, Considering Ex Vivo Skin Permeation, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties |
| title_full | ZnO Nanoparticles of <i>Rubia cordifolia</i> Extract Formulation Developed and Optimized with QbD Application, Considering Ex Vivo Skin Permeation, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties |
| title_fullStr | ZnO Nanoparticles of <i>Rubia cordifolia</i> Extract Formulation Developed and Optimized with QbD Application, Considering Ex Vivo Skin Permeation, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | ZnO Nanoparticles of <i>Rubia cordifolia</i> Extract Formulation Developed and Optimized with QbD Application, Considering Ex Vivo Skin Permeation, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties |
| title_short | ZnO Nanoparticles of <i>Rubia cordifolia</i> Extract Formulation Developed and Optimized with QbD Application, Considering Ex Vivo Skin Permeation, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties |
| title_sort | zno nanoparticles of i rubia cordifolia i extract formulation developed and optimized with qbd application considering ex vivo skin permeation antimicrobial and antioxidant properties |
| topic | ZnO-MJE nanoparticles Box–Behnken design permeation study antimicrobial and antioxidant activity in vitro release |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/4/1450 |
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