Hemocytes and hematopoiesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori
The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is a typical Lepidopteran insect. In the silkworm hemolymph, there are 5 types of circulating hemocytes that are classified as prohemocytes, granulocytes, plasmatocytes, spherulocytes and oenocytoids. All of them are involved in humoral and cellular immunity either directl...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
2013-10-01
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| Series: | Invertebrate Survival Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://isj02.unimore.it/index.php/ISJ/article/view/292 |
| _version_ | 1819243328288325632 |
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| author | F Liu Q Xu Q Zhang A Lu B T Beerntsen E Ling |
| author_facet | F Liu Q Xu Q Zhang A Lu B T Beerntsen E Ling |
| author_sort | F Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is a typical Lepidopteran insect. In the silkworm hemolymph, there are 5 types of circulating hemocytes that are classified as prohemocytes, granulocytes, plasmatocytes, spherulocytes and oenocytoids. All of them are involved in humoral and cellular immunity either directly or indirectly. Insect hematopoietic organs can produce hemocytes that are continuously released into the circulation. Recent studies indicate that in the hematopoietic organs of silkworm larvae, there are mainly prohemocytes and oenocytoids. Based on in vitro observations, silkworm prohemocytes can differentiate into plasmatocytes and granulocytes, and granulocytes can differentiate into spherulocytes. The silkworm also has a novel type of hematopoiesis. When its hematopoietic organs are extirpated through a surgical operation, circulating hemocytes can still remain at a high level through the wandering stage due to an increase in the level of cell division. Previously, oenocytoids have been considered as the only source of prophenoloxidase (PPO) which is an important immunity protein in insects. However, recent studies in different insect species, as well as in the silkworm, show that additional hemocyte types contain PPO. Furthermore, PPO can be produced by epidermal cells in the hindgut of the silkworm. Consequently, the silkworm is a valuable model to study hemocyte development and cellular and humoral immune responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:53:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-311fe87a56c7400ba921a67100bcf889 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1824-307X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:53:57Z |
| publishDate | 2013-10-01 |
| publisher | University of Modena and Reggio Emilia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Invertebrate Survival Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-311fe87a56c7400ba921a67100bcf8892022-12-21T17:42:51ZengUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaInvertebrate Survival Journal1824-307X2013-10-01101Hemocytes and hematopoiesis in the silkworm, Bombyx moriF Liu0Q Xu1Q Zhang2A Lu3B T Beerntsen4E Ling5Department of Biological Science and Technology, Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710100, China ; Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaDepartment of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USAKey Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaThe silkworm, Bombyx mori, is a typical Lepidopteran insect. In the silkworm hemolymph, there are 5 types of circulating hemocytes that are classified as prohemocytes, granulocytes, plasmatocytes, spherulocytes and oenocytoids. All of them are involved in humoral and cellular immunity either directly or indirectly. Insect hematopoietic organs can produce hemocytes that are continuously released into the circulation. Recent studies indicate that in the hematopoietic organs of silkworm larvae, there are mainly prohemocytes and oenocytoids. Based on in vitro observations, silkworm prohemocytes can differentiate into plasmatocytes and granulocytes, and granulocytes can differentiate into spherulocytes. The silkworm also has a novel type of hematopoiesis. When its hematopoietic organs are extirpated through a surgical operation, circulating hemocytes can still remain at a high level through the wandering stage due to an increase in the level of cell division. Previously, oenocytoids have been considered as the only source of prophenoloxidase (PPO) which is an important immunity protein in insects. However, recent studies in different insect species, as well as in the silkworm, show that additional hemocyte types contain PPO. Furthermore, PPO can be produced by epidermal cells in the hindgut of the silkworm. Consequently, the silkworm is a valuable model to study hemocyte development and cellular and humoral immune responses.https://isj02.unimore.it/index.php/ISJ/article/view/292hemocyteshematopoiesisBombyx mori |
| spellingShingle | F Liu Q Xu Q Zhang A Lu B T Beerntsen E Ling Hemocytes and hematopoiesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori Invertebrate Survival Journal hemocytes hematopoiesis Bombyx mori |
| title | Hemocytes and hematopoiesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori |
| title_full | Hemocytes and hematopoiesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori |
| title_fullStr | Hemocytes and hematopoiesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hemocytes and hematopoiesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori |
| title_short | Hemocytes and hematopoiesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori |
| title_sort | hemocytes and hematopoiesis in the silkworm bombyx mori |
| topic | hemocytes hematopoiesis Bombyx mori |
| url | https://isj02.unimore.it/index.php/ISJ/article/view/292 |
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