Increase in the Level of Proinflammatory Cytokine HMGB1 in Nasal Fluids of Patients With Rhinitis and its Sequestration by Glycyrrhizin Induces Eosinophil Cell Death
ObjectivesThe nuclear protein high mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is a proinflammatory mediator that belongs to the alarmin family of proinflammatory mediators, and it has recently emerged as a key player in different acute and chronic immune disorders. Several lines of evidence demonstrate th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
2015-06-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.e-ceo.org/upload/pdf/ceo-8-123.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818984409160744960 |
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| author | Leonardo Cavone Caterina Cuppari Sara Manti Luisa Grasso Teresa Arrigo Luca Calamai Carmelo Salpietro Alberto Chiarugi |
| author_facet | Leonardo Cavone Caterina Cuppari Sara Manti Luisa Grasso Teresa Arrigo Luca Calamai Carmelo Salpietro Alberto Chiarugi |
| author_sort | Leonardo Cavone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectivesThe nuclear protein high mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is a proinflammatory mediator that belongs to the alarmin family of proinflammatory mediators, and it has recently emerged as a key player in different acute and chronic immune disorders. Several lines of evidence demonstrate that HMGB1 is actively released extracellularly from immune cells or passively released from necrotic cells. Because of the ability of HMGB1 to sustain chronic inflammation, we investigated whether the protein is present in nasal fluids of patients with different forms of rhinitis.MethodsHMGB1 levels were evaluated in nasal fluids of healthy subjects or rhinitis patients who were treated or not treated with different treatments.ResultsWe report that the level of HMGB1 was significantly increased in nasal fluids of patients with allergic rhinitis, patients with NARES (nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophiliac syndrome), as well as patients with polyps. We also found that a formulation containing the HMGB1-binding compound glycyrrhizin (GLT) reduced the HMGB1 content in nasal fluids of rhinitis patients to an extent similar to that with nasal budesonide treatment. We also found that among the cultured human leukocyte populations, eosinophils released higher amounts of HMGB1. Based on the ability of HMGB1 to sustain eosinophil survival and the ability of GLT to inactivate HMGB1, we report that GLT selectively killed cultured eosinophils and had no effect on neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes.ConclusionCollectively, these data underscore the role of HMGB1 in rhinitis pathogenesis and the therapeutic potential of GLT formulations in treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders of the nasal mucosa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T18:18:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3129312152d3439c8e80ef8d832d4ea0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1976-8710 2005-0720 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T18:18:32Z |
| publishDate | 2015-06-01 |
| publisher | Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3129312152d3439c8e80ef8d832d4ea02022-12-21T19:30:19ZengKorean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryClinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology1976-87102005-07202015-06-018212312810.3342/ceo.2015.8.2.123351Increase in the Level of Proinflammatory Cytokine HMGB1 in Nasal Fluids of Patients With Rhinitis and its Sequestration by Glycyrrhizin Induces Eosinophil Cell DeathLeonardo Cavone0Caterina Cuppari1Sara Manti2Luisa Grasso3Teresa Arrigo4Luca Calamai5Carmelo Salpietro6Alberto Chiarugi7Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy.Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Genetic and Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Genetic and Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Genetic and Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Genetic and Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy.Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Genetic and Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy.ObjectivesThe nuclear protein high mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is a proinflammatory mediator that belongs to the alarmin family of proinflammatory mediators, and it has recently emerged as a key player in different acute and chronic immune disorders. Several lines of evidence demonstrate that HMGB1 is actively released extracellularly from immune cells or passively released from necrotic cells. Because of the ability of HMGB1 to sustain chronic inflammation, we investigated whether the protein is present in nasal fluids of patients with different forms of rhinitis.MethodsHMGB1 levels were evaluated in nasal fluids of healthy subjects or rhinitis patients who were treated or not treated with different treatments.ResultsWe report that the level of HMGB1 was significantly increased in nasal fluids of patients with allergic rhinitis, patients with NARES (nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophiliac syndrome), as well as patients with polyps. We also found that a formulation containing the HMGB1-binding compound glycyrrhizin (GLT) reduced the HMGB1 content in nasal fluids of rhinitis patients to an extent similar to that with nasal budesonide treatment. We also found that among the cultured human leukocyte populations, eosinophils released higher amounts of HMGB1. Based on the ability of HMGB1 to sustain eosinophil survival and the ability of GLT to inactivate HMGB1, we report that GLT selectively killed cultured eosinophils and had no effect on neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes.ConclusionCollectively, these data underscore the role of HMGB1 in rhinitis pathogenesis and the therapeutic potential of GLT formulations in treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders of the nasal mucosa.http://www.e-ceo.org/upload/pdf/ceo-8-123.pdfRhinitisEosinophilsHMGB1 proteinGlycyrrhizin acid |
| spellingShingle | Leonardo Cavone Caterina Cuppari Sara Manti Luisa Grasso Teresa Arrigo Luca Calamai Carmelo Salpietro Alberto Chiarugi Increase in the Level of Proinflammatory Cytokine HMGB1 in Nasal Fluids of Patients With Rhinitis and its Sequestration by Glycyrrhizin Induces Eosinophil Cell Death Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Rhinitis Eosinophils HMGB1 protein Glycyrrhizin acid |
| title | Increase in the Level of Proinflammatory Cytokine HMGB1 in Nasal Fluids of Patients With Rhinitis and its Sequestration by Glycyrrhizin Induces Eosinophil Cell Death |
| title_full | Increase in the Level of Proinflammatory Cytokine HMGB1 in Nasal Fluids of Patients With Rhinitis and its Sequestration by Glycyrrhizin Induces Eosinophil Cell Death |
| title_fullStr | Increase in the Level of Proinflammatory Cytokine HMGB1 in Nasal Fluids of Patients With Rhinitis and its Sequestration by Glycyrrhizin Induces Eosinophil Cell Death |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increase in the Level of Proinflammatory Cytokine HMGB1 in Nasal Fluids of Patients With Rhinitis and its Sequestration by Glycyrrhizin Induces Eosinophil Cell Death |
| title_short | Increase in the Level of Proinflammatory Cytokine HMGB1 in Nasal Fluids of Patients With Rhinitis and its Sequestration by Glycyrrhizin Induces Eosinophil Cell Death |
| title_sort | increase in the level of proinflammatory cytokine hmgb1 in nasal fluids of patients with rhinitis and its sequestration by glycyrrhizin induces eosinophil cell death |
| topic | Rhinitis Eosinophils HMGB1 protein Glycyrrhizin acid |
| url | http://www.e-ceo.org/upload/pdf/ceo-8-123.pdf |
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