How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation
“Tang-Ping” (TP), referring to “lying flat” literally, has been a buzzword in China web media since 2021. As the opponent of effort-making (EM) behaviors which have both instrumental and purpose values in Confucian culture, TP has a negative moral implication in China and has been criticized by the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871439/full |
| _version_ | 1797988541238607872 |
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| author | Han-Yu Hsu |
| author_facet | Han-Yu Hsu |
| author_sort | Han-Yu Hsu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | “Tang-Ping” (TP), referring to “lying flat” literally, has been a buzzword in China web media since 2021. As the opponent of effort-making (EM) behaviors which have both instrumental and purpose values in Confucian culture, TP has a negative moral implication in China and has been criticized by the state-owned media. Meanwhile, the meaning of TP also contains a negative form of resistance toward social and organizational inequality, which may be acceptable under unfair circumstances. This study employed the imagined-scenario method to investigate the public’s moral evaluations of TP and EM behaviors under conditions of different return expectations. An online questionnaire with 2 (TP vs. EM) by 2 (low vs. high return expectation) between-participants designed scenarios were employed, along with the measurements of obligation belief of effort (OBE) and improvement belief of effort (IBE) scales (N = 210). The results found that (1) TP behaviors were evaluated as morally wrong in general, while EM behaviors were morally right; (2) the return expectation of the scenario moderated the behavior type’s effect on moral evaluation, that EM behaviors were evaluated positively regardless of return expectation, while TP behaviors became acceptable with a neutral score under the low return expectation; (3) both OBE and IBE correlated positively with evaluations of EM while negatively with evaluations of TP. The theoretical and practical implications were discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:05:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-313a789a928543da8d5c03595ee9cf70 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:05:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-313a789a928543da8d5c03595ee9cf702022-12-22T04:35:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782022-11-011310.3389/fpsyg.2022.871439871439How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectationHan-Yu Hsu“Tang-Ping” (TP), referring to “lying flat” literally, has been a buzzword in China web media since 2021. As the opponent of effort-making (EM) behaviors which have both instrumental and purpose values in Confucian culture, TP has a negative moral implication in China and has been criticized by the state-owned media. Meanwhile, the meaning of TP also contains a negative form of resistance toward social and organizational inequality, which may be acceptable under unfair circumstances. This study employed the imagined-scenario method to investigate the public’s moral evaluations of TP and EM behaviors under conditions of different return expectations. An online questionnaire with 2 (TP vs. EM) by 2 (low vs. high return expectation) between-participants designed scenarios were employed, along with the measurements of obligation belief of effort (OBE) and improvement belief of effort (IBE) scales (N = 210). The results found that (1) TP behaviors were evaluated as morally wrong in general, while EM behaviors were morally right; (2) the return expectation of the scenario moderated the behavior type’s effect on moral evaluation, that EM behaviors were evaluated positively regardless of return expectation, while TP behaviors became acceptable with a neutral score under the low return expectation; (3) both OBE and IBE correlated positively with evaluations of EM while negatively with evaluations of TP. The theoretical and practical implications were discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871439/fulleffort-makingimprovement belief of effortobligation belief of effortreturn expectationTang-Ping |
| spellingShingle | Han-Yu Hsu How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation Frontiers in Psychology effort-making improvement belief of effort obligation belief of effort return expectation Tang-Ping |
| title | How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation |
| title_full | How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation |
| title_fullStr | How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation |
| title_full_unstemmed | How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation |
| title_short | How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation |
| title_sort | how do chinese people evaluate tang ping lying flat and effort making the moderation effect of return expectation |
| topic | effort-making improvement belief of effort obligation belief of effort return expectation Tang-Ping |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871439/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hanyuhsu howdochinesepeopleevaluatetangpinglyingflatandeffortmakingthemoderationeffectofreturnexpectation |