Calculation of 1/<i>f</i> Fluctuation from Sound Signal and Comfort Evaluation
Providing a comfortable sound for users is an important factor for high-value products. Therefore, many studies have investigated pleasant sound levels for developing and manufacturing new products. Notably, sounds containing 1/<i>f</i> fluctuations provide a relaxing effect in humans. T...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/19/9425 |
| _version_ | 1827655404805423104 |
|---|---|
| author | Taro Kato Takuya Kitamura Fumiya Maehara Daigo Uchino Kazuki Ogawa Keigo Ikeda Ayato Endo Hideaki Kato Takayoshi Narita Mitsuaki Furui |
| author_facet | Taro Kato Takuya Kitamura Fumiya Maehara Daigo Uchino Kazuki Ogawa Keigo Ikeda Ayato Endo Hideaki Kato Takayoshi Narita Mitsuaki Furui |
| author_sort | Taro Kato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Providing a comfortable sound for users is an important factor for high-value products. Therefore, many studies have investigated pleasant sound levels for developing and manufacturing new products. Notably, sounds containing 1/<i>f</i> fluctuations provide a relaxing effect in humans. There are many studies on the influence of sound signals, including 1/<i>f</i> fluctuations; however, the verification of fluctuations, including sound signals, has not been performed. In this study on fluctuation, the discrete Fourier transform was used to directly calculate the time of the sound signal. We evaluated the duration of music and the 1/<i>f</i> fluctuation via the discrete Fourier transform using the time history of the music data. Furthermore, we investigated the relaxation effect of music containing a 1/<i>f</i> fluctuation. We determined a person’s comfort according to the difference in the calculated fluctuation coefficient by subjectively evaluating the comfort felt by people when listening to music with two different fluctuation coefficients, and we examined the improvement in the fluctuation coefficient and human comfort. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:07:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-313da92716264bed8ff061b7a918460b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:07:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-313da92716264bed8ff061b7a918460b2023-11-23T19:39:17ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-09-011219942510.3390/app12199425Calculation of 1/<i>f</i> Fluctuation from Sound Signal and Comfort EvaluationTaro Kato0Takuya Kitamura1Fumiya Maehara2Daigo Uchino3Kazuki Ogawa4Keigo Ikeda5Ayato Endo6Hideaki Kato7Takayoshi Narita8Mitsuaki Furui9Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji-shi 192-0982, Tokyo, JapanCourse of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, Kitakaname 4-1-1, Hiratsuka-shi 259-1292, Kanagawa, JapanCourse of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, Kitakaname 4-1-1, Hiratsuka-shi 259-1292, Kanagawa, JapanCourse of Science and Technology, Tokai University, Kitakaname 4-1-1, Hiratsuka-shi 259-1292, Kanagawa, JapanCourse of Science and Technology, Tokai University, Kitakaname 4-1-1, Hiratsuka-shi 259-1292, Kanagawa, JapanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Hokkaido University of Science, 7-Jo 15-4-1 Maeda, Teine, Sapporo 006-8585, Hokkaido, JapanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Wajiro Higashi 3-30-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi 811-0295, Fukuoka, JapanDepartment of Prime Mover Engineering, Tokai University, Kitakaname 4-1-1 Hiratsuka-shi 259-1292, Kanagawa, JapanDepartment of Prime Mover Engineering, Tokai University, Kitakaname 4-1-1 Hiratsuka-shi 259-1292, Kanagawa, JapanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji-shi 192-0982, Tokyo, JapanProviding a comfortable sound for users is an important factor for high-value products. Therefore, many studies have investigated pleasant sound levels for developing and manufacturing new products. Notably, sounds containing 1/<i>f</i> fluctuations provide a relaxing effect in humans. There are many studies on the influence of sound signals, including 1/<i>f</i> fluctuations; however, the verification of fluctuations, including sound signals, has not been performed. In this study on fluctuation, the discrete Fourier transform was used to directly calculate the time of the sound signal. We evaluated the duration of music and the 1/<i>f</i> fluctuation via the discrete Fourier transform using the time history of the music data. Furthermore, we investigated the relaxation effect of music containing a 1/<i>f</i> fluctuation. We determined a person’s comfort according to the difference in the calculated fluctuation coefficient by subjectively evaluating the comfort felt by people when listening to music with two different fluctuation coefficients, and we examined the improvement in the fluctuation coefficient and human comfort.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/19/9425sound signal1/<i>f</i> fluctuationcomfortabilitynumerical analysissubjective evaluation |
| spellingShingle | Taro Kato Takuya Kitamura Fumiya Maehara Daigo Uchino Kazuki Ogawa Keigo Ikeda Ayato Endo Hideaki Kato Takayoshi Narita Mitsuaki Furui Calculation of 1/<i>f</i> Fluctuation from Sound Signal and Comfort Evaluation Applied Sciences sound signal 1/<i>f</i> fluctuation comfortability numerical analysis subjective evaluation |
| title | Calculation of 1/<i>f</i> Fluctuation from Sound Signal and Comfort Evaluation |
| title_full | Calculation of 1/<i>f</i> Fluctuation from Sound Signal and Comfort Evaluation |
| title_fullStr | Calculation of 1/<i>f</i> Fluctuation from Sound Signal and Comfort Evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Calculation of 1/<i>f</i> Fluctuation from Sound Signal and Comfort Evaluation |
| title_short | Calculation of 1/<i>f</i> Fluctuation from Sound Signal and Comfort Evaluation |
| title_sort | calculation of 1 i f i fluctuation from sound signal and comfort evaluation |
| topic | sound signal 1/<i>f</i> fluctuation comfortability numerical analysis subjective evaluation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/19/9425 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tarokato calculationof1ififluctuationfromsoundsignalandcomfortevaluation AT takuyakitamura calculationof1ififluctuationfromsoundsignalandcomfortevaluation AT fumiyamaehara calculationof1ififluctuationfromsoundsignalandcomfortevaluation AT daigouchino calculationof1ififluctuationfromsoundsignalandcomfortevaluation AT kazukiogawa calculationof1ififluctuationfromsoundsignalandcomfortevaluation AT keigoikeda calculationof1ififluctuationfromsoundsignalandcomfortevaluation AT ayatoendo calculationof1ififluctuationfromsoundsignalandcomfortevaluation AT hideakikato calculationof1ififluctuationfromsoundsignalandcomfortevaluation AT takayoshinarita calculationof1ififluctuationfromsoundsignalandcomfortevaluation AT mitsuakifurui calculationof1ififluctuationfromsoundsignalandcomfortevaluation |