Pleotropic effects of statins: the dilemma of wider utilization of statin
Abstract Background Apart from reducing the circulating LDL-c and the number of cardiovascular cases as well as fatalities, statins have auxiliary non–lipid-related or cholesterol independent effects, the pleiotropic effects. The aim of the present review is to understand the pleotropic effects of s...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Egyptian Heart Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43044-023-00327-8 |
| _version_ | 1797958542834008064 |
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| author | Ambika Choudhary Ujjawal Rawat Piyush Kumar Piyush Mittal |
| author_facet | Ambika Choudhary Ujjawal Rawat Piyush Kumar Piyush Mittal |
| author_sort | Ambika Choudhary |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Apart from reducing the circulating LDL-c and the number of cardiovascular cases as well as fatalities, statins have auxiliary non–lipid-related or cholesterol independent effects, the pleiotropic effects. The aim of the present review is to understand the pleotropic effects of statins. Main body Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is presently the major cause of patient misery as well as mortality among non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the world. Despite the fact that statins are the most extensively affirmed, prescribed and evidence-based lipid-lowering medicine worldwide that curtail low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and the number of cardiovascular cases as well as deaths, statins also elicit auxiliary non–lipid-related or cholesterol independent effects, the pleiotropic effects. Improved endothelial function, significantly lowered oxidative stress, atherosclerotic plaque stabilization, immunomodulatory, cessation of vascular smooth muscle proliferation, effects on bone metabolism, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic effects, and reduced risk of dementia are among these pleotropic effects. Statins have also been explored for its uses in life threatening diseases like cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. They have been demonstrated to revamp vascular tone. Many research and review articles have been thoroughly studied for this systematic review. Conclusions Statins have not only shown to be benefitial in lowering the levels of LDL-C but have also been established to be advantageous in the treatment of cancer, neurological conditions like dementia, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease. Future high-quality trials are needed to include statins in the treatment of these conditions as per guidelines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:21:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3145492e86e14b8a8d72e42cc0d393f5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2090-911X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:21:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Egyptian Heart Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-3145492e86e14b8a8d72e42cc0d393f52023-01-08T12:15:07ZengSpringerOpenThe Egyptian Heart Journal2090-911X2023-01-0175111010.1186/s43044-023-00327-8Pleotropic effects of statins: the dilemma of wider utilization of statinAmbika Choudhary0Ujjawal Rawat1Piyush Kumar2Piyush Mittal3Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer UniversityTeerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer UniversityTeerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer UniversityTeerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer UniversityAbstract Background Apart from reducing the circulating LDL-c and the number of cardiovascular cases as well as fatalities, statins have auxiliary non–lipid-related or cholesterol independent effects, the pleiotropic effects. The aim of the present review is to understand the pleotropic effects of statins. Main body Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is presently the major cause of patient misery as well as mortality among non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the world. Despite the fact that statins are the most extensively affirmed, prescribed and evidence-based lipid-lowering medicine worldwide that curtail low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and the number of cardiovascular cases as well as deaths, statins also elicit auxiliary non–lipid-related or cholesterol independent effects, the pleiotropic effects. Improved endothelial function, significantly lowered oxidative stress, atherosclerotic plaque stabilization, immunomodulatory, cessation of vascular smooth muscle proliferation, effects on bone metabolism, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic effects, and reduced risk of dementia are among these pleotropic effects. Statins have also been explored for its uses in life threatening diseases like cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. They have been demonstrated to revamp vascular tone. Many research and review articles have been thoroughly studied for this systematic review. Conclusions Statins have not only shown to be benefitial in lowering the levels of LDL-C but have also been established to be advantageous in the treatment of cancer, neurological conditions like dementia, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease. Future high-quality trials are needed to include statins in the treatment of these conditions as per guidelines.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43044-023-00327-8StatinsCardiovascular diseasesAtherosclerosisPleotropic effectsCancer |
| spellingShingle | Ambika Choudhary Ujjawal Rawat Piyush Kumar Piyush Mittal Pleotropic effects of statins: the dilemma of wider utilization of statin The Egyptian Heart Journal Statins Cardiovascular diseases Atherosclerosis Pleotropic effects Cancer |
| title | Pleotropic effects of statins: the dilemma of wider utilization of statin |
| title_full | Pleotropic effects of statins: the dilemma of wider utilization of statin |
| title_fullStr | Pleotropic effects of statins: the dilemma of wider utilization of statin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pleotropic effects of statins: the dilemma of wider utilization of statin |
| title_short | Pleotropic effects of statins: the dilemma of wider utilization of statin |
| title_sort | pleotropic effects of statins the dilemma of wider utilization of statin |
| topic | Statins Cardiovascular diseases Atherosclerosis Pleotropic effects Cancer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43044-023-00327-8 |
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