Effectiveness of the Fiocruz recombinant ChadOx1-nCoV19 against variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the Municipality of Botucatu-SP
IntroductionAs the COVID-19 pandemic progresses, rapidly emerging variants of concern raise fears that currently licensed vaccines may have reduced effectiveness against these new strains. In the municipality of Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, a mass vaccination campaign using ChadOx1-nCoV19 was...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016402/full |
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| author | Sue Ann Costa Clemens Sue Ann Costa Clemens Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza Madeleine Crowe Karen Ingrid Tasca André Gasparini Spadaro Jayme Augusto Souza-Neto Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto Regina Sider Jose Jimeno Thomas Verstraeten Ralf Clemens |
| author_facet | Sue Ann Costa Clemens Sue Ann Costa Clemens Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza Madeleine Crowe Karen Ingrid Tasca André Gasparini Spadaro Jayme Augusto Souza-Neto Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto Regina Sider Jose Jimeno Thomas Verstraeten Ralf Clemens |
| author_sort | Sue Ann Costa Clemens |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionAs the COVID-19 pandemic progresses, rapidly emerging variants of concern raise fears that currently licensed vaccines may have reduced effectiveness against these new strains. In the municipality of Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, a mass vaccination campaign using ChadOx1-nCoV19 was initiated on 16th of May 2021, targeting people 18–60 years old. Two vaccine doses were offered 12 weeks apart, with the second delivered on 8th of August, 2021. This setting offered a unique opportunity to assess the effectiveness of two ChadOx1-nCoV19 doses in a real-life setting.Materials and methodsData on testing, hospitalization, symptoms, demographics, and vaccination were obtained from the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. A test-negative study design was employed; whereby the odds of being vaccinated among cases vs controls were calculated to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE; 1-OR). All individuals aged 18–60 who received a PCR test after the 16th of May and were unvaccinated prior to this date were included in the analysis until the study ended in mid-November 2021.Results77,683 citizens of Botucatu aged 18–60 received the first dose, and 74,051 received a second ChadOx1-nCoV19 dose 12 weeks later for a vaccination coverage of 84.2 and 80.2%, respectively. Of 7.958 eligible PCR tests, 2.109 were positive and 5.849 negative. The VE against any symptomatic infection was estimated at 39.2%, 21 days after dose 1, and 74.5%, 14 days after dose 2. There were no COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths among the 74,051 fully vaccinated individuals. The VE against severe disease was estimated at 70.8 and 100% after doses 1 and 2, respectively. 90.5% of all lineages sequenced between doses 1 and 2 (16th of May−7th of August) were of the Gamma variant, while 83.0% were of the Delta variant during the second period after dose 2 (8th of August−18th of November).DiscussionThis observational study found the effectiveness of ChadOx1-nCoV19 to be 74.5% against COVID-19 disease of any severity, comparable to the efficacy observed in clinical trials (81.3% after dose 2), despite the dominance of the Gamma and Delta VoCs. No COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths in fully vaccinated individuals were reported. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:54:02Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:54:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3172e522a507447cbcc4d3c1a017fe6a2022-12-22T04:13:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652022-10-011010.3389/fpubh.2022.10164021016402Effectiveness of the Fiocruz recombinant ChadOx1-nCoV19 against variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the Municipality of Botucatu-SPSue Ann Costa Clemens0Sue Ann Costa Clemens1Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza2Madeleine Crowe3Karen Ingrid Tasca4André Gasparini Spadaro5Jayme Augusto Souza-Neto6Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto7Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto8Regina Sider9Jose Jimeno10Thomas Verstraeten11Ralf Clemens12Department of Pediatrics, Oxford University, Oxford, United KingdomMedical School, Institute for Global Health, Siena University, Siena, ItalyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (Universidade Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo State, BrazilP95 Epidemiology & Pharmacovigilance, Leuven, BelgiumDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (Universidade Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo State, BrazilBotucatu Health Department, Botucatu, São Paulo State, BrazilDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Universidade Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo State, BrazilDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Universidade Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo State, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (Universidade Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo State, BrazilIntrials, São Paulo, BrazilVaxtrials, São Paulo, BrazilP95 Epidemiology & Pharmacovigilance, Leuven, Belgium0International Vaccine Institute (IVI), Seoul, South KoreaIntroductionAs the COVID-19 pandemic progresses, rapidly emerging variants of concern raise fears that currently licensed vaccines may have reduced effectiveness against these new strains. In the municipality of Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, a mass vaccination campaign using ChadOx1-nCoV19 was initiated on 16th of May 2021, targeting people 18–60 years old. Two vaccine doses were offered 12 weeks apart, with the second delivered on 8th of August, 2021. This setting offered a unique opportunity to assess the effectiveness of two ChadOx1-nCoV19 doses in a real-life setting.Materials and methodsData on testing, hospitalization, symptoms, demographics, and vaccination were obtained from the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. A test-negative study design was employed; whereby the odds of being vaccinated among cases vs controls were calculated to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE; 1-OR). All individuals aged 18–60 who received a PCR test after the 16th of May and were unvaccinated prior to this date were included in the analysis until the study ended in mid-November 2021.Results77,683 citizens of Botucatu aged 18–60 received the first dose, and 74,051 received a second ChadOx1-nCoV19 dose 12 weeks later for a vaccination coverage of 84.2 and 80.2%, respectively. Of 7.958 eligible PCR tests, 2.109 were positive and 5.849 negative. The VE against any symptomatic infection was estimated at 39.2%, 21 days after dose 1, and 74.5%, 14 days after dose 2. There were no COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths among the 74,051 fully vaccinated individuals. The VE against severe disease was estimated at 70.8 and 100% after doses 1 and 2, respectively. 90.5% of all lineages sequenced between doses 1 and 2 (16th of May−7th of August) were of the Gamma variant, while 83.0% were of the Delta variant during the second period after dose 2 (8th of August−18th of November).DiscussionThis observational study found the effectiveness of ChadOx1-nCoV19 to be 74.5% against COVID-19 disease of any severity, comparable to the efficacy observed in clinical trials (81.3% after dose 2), despite the dominance of the Gamma and Delta VoCs. No COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths in fully vaccinated individuals were reported.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016402/fullCOVID-19vaccinesChadOx1effectiveness“real world” studyvariants of concern |
| spellingShingle | Sue Ann Costa Clemens Sue Ann Costa Clemens Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza Madeleine Crowe Karen Ingrid Tasca André Gasparini Spadaro Jayme Augusto Souza-Neto Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto Regina Sider Jose Jimeno Thomas Verstraeten Ralf Clemens Effectiveness of the Fiocruz recombinant ChadOx1-nCoV19 against variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the Municipality of Botucatu-SP Frontiers in Public Health COVID-19 vaccines ChadOx1 effectiveness “real world” study variants of concern |
| title | Effectiveness of the Fiocruz recombinant ChadOx1-nCoV19 against variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the Municipality of Botucatu-SP |
| title_full | Effectiveness of the Fiocruz recombinant ChadOx1-nCoV19 against variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the Municipality of Botucatu-SP |
| title_fullStr | Effectiveness of the Fiocruz recombinant ChadOx1-nCoV19 against variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the Municipality of Botucatu-SP |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of the Fiocruz recombinant ChadOx1-nCoV19 against variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the Municipality of Botucatu-SP |
| title_short | Effectiveness of the Fiocruz recombinant ChadOx1-nCoV19 against variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the Municipality of Botucatu-SP |
| title_sort | effectiveness of the fiocruz recombinant chadox1 ncov19 against variants of sars cov 2 in the municipality of botucatu sp |
| topic | COVID-19 vaccines ChadOx1 effectiveness “real world” study variants of concern |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016402/full |
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