Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and the Tumor Microenvironment: Revisiting the Hallmarks of Cancer
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial elements that sustain the communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment, and have emerged as a widespread mechanism of tumor formation and metastasis. In obesity, the adipose tissue becomes hypertrophic and hyperplastic, triggering increased pr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/13/3328 |
| _version_ | 1797528050079891456 |
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| author | João Alfredo Moraes Carol Encarnação Victor Aguiar Franco Luiz Gabriel Xavier Botelho Gabriella Pacheco Rodrigues Isadora Ramos-Andrade Christina Barja-Fidalgo Mariana Renovato-Martins |
| author_facet | João Alfredo Moraes Carol Encarnação Victor Aguiar Franco Luiz Gabriel Xavier Botelho Gabriella Pacheco Rodrigues Isadora Ramos-Andrade Christina Barja-Fidalgo Mariana Renovato-Martins |
| author_sort | João Alfredo Moraes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial elements that sustain the communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment, and have emerged as a widespread mechanism of tumor formation and metastasis. In obesity, the adipose tissue becomes hypertrophic and hyperplastic, triggering increased production of pro-inflammatory adipokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, interleukin 1, and leptin. Furthermore, obese adipose tissue undergoes dysregulation in the cargo content of the released EVs, resulting in an increased content of pro-inflammatory proteins, fatty acids, and oncogenic microRNAs. These alterations drive obesity-associated inflammatory responses both locally and systemically. After being ignored for a long time, adipose tissues have recently received considerable attention as a major player in tumor microenvironment-linked obesity and cancer. The role of adipose tissue in the establishment and progression of cancer is reinforced by its high plasticity and inflammatory content. Such a relationship may be established by direct contact between adipocytes and cancer cells within the microenvironment or systemically, via EV-mediated cell-to-cell communication. Here, we highlight cues evidencing the influence of adipose tissue-derived EVs on the hallmarks of cancer, which are critical for tumor malignancy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:52:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3199351c82504f87b265fd62365eaabf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:52:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-3199351c82504f87b265fd62365eaabf2023-11-22T02:36:10ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-07-011313332810.3390/cancers13133328Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and the Tumor Microenvironment: Revisiting the Hallmarks of CancerJoão Alfredo Moraes0Carol Encarnação1Victor Aguiar Franco2Luiz Gabriel Xavier Botelho3Gabriella Pacheco Rodrigues4Isadora Ramos-Andrade5Christina Barja-Fidalgo6Mariana Renovato-Martins7Redox Biology Laboratory, Programa de Pesquisa em Farmacologia e Inflamação, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratory of Inflammation and Metabolism, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-201 Niterói, BrazilLaboratory of Inflammation and Metabolism, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-201 Niterói, BrazilLaboratory of Inflammation and Metabolism, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-201 Niterói, BrazilLaboratory of Inflammation and Metabolism, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-201 Niterói, BrazilLaboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Departamento de Biologia Celular, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Departamento de Biologia Celular, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratory of Inflammation and Metabolism, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-201 Niterói, BrazilExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial elements that sustain the communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment, and have emerged as a widespread mechanism of tumor formation and metastasis. In obesity, the adipose tissue becomes hypertrophic and hyperplastic, triggering increased production of pro-inflammatory adipokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, interleukin 1, and leptin. Furthermore, obese adipose tissue undergoes dysregulation in the cargo content of the released EVs, resulting in an increased content of pro-inflammatory proteins, fatty acids, and oncogenic microRNAs. These alterations drive obesity-associated inflammatory responses both locally and systemically. After being ignored for a long time, adipose tissues have recently received considerable attention as a major player in tumor microenvironment-linked obesity and cancer. The role of adipose tissue in the establishment and progression of cancer is reinforced by its high plasticity and inflammatory content. Such a relationship may be established by direct contact between adipocytes and cancer cells within the microenvironment or systemically, via EV-mediated cell-to-cell communication. Here, we highlight cues evidencing the influence of adipose tissue-derived EVs on the hallmarks of cancer, which are critical for tumor malignancy.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/13/3328extracellular vesiclescanceradipose tissuetumor microenvironmenthallmarks of cancer |
| spellingShingle | João Alfredo Moraes Carol Encarnação Victor Aguiar Franco Luiz Gabriel Xavier Botelho Gabriella Pacheco Rodrigues Isadora Ramos-Andrade Christina Barja-Fidalgo Mariana Renovato-Martins Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and the Tumor Microenvironment: Revisiting the Hallmarks of Cancer Cancers extracellular vesicles cancer adipose tissue tumor microenvironment hallmarks of cancer |
| title | Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and the Tumor Microenvironment: Revisiting the Hallmarks of Cancer |
| title_full | Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and the Tumor Microenvironment: Revisiting the Hallmarks of Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and the Tumor Microenvironment: Revisiting the Hallmarks of Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and the Tumor Microenvironment: Revisiting the Hallmarks of Cancer |
| title_short | Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and the Tumor Microenvironment: Revisiting the Hallmarks of Cancer |
| title_sort | adipose tissue derived extracellular vesicles and the tumor microenvironment revisiting the hallmarks of cancer |
| topic | extracellular vesicles cancer adipose tissue tumor microenvironment hallmarks of cancer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/13/3328 |
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