Distinguishing Dispositional and Cultivated Forms of Mindfulness: Item-level Factor Analysis of Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Construction of Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability
The widely used Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) mixes the dispositional and cultivated forms of mindfulness, thereby resulting in factor issues in previous studies. The present study distinguished the two forms of mindfulness and developed a Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability at t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01348/full |
| _version_ | 1811303252093829120 |
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| author | Wenjie Duan Jinxia Li |
| author_facet | Wenjie Duan Jinxia Li |
| author_sort | Wenjie Duan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The widely used Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) mixes the dispositional and cultivated forms of mindfulness, thereby resulting in factor issues in previous studies. The present study distinguished the two forms of mindfulness and developed a Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability at the item level of FFMQ. Three facets of mindfulness, namely, Describing, Acting with Awareness, and Non-judging of Experience, were assessed using community (n = 433) and student (n = 347) samples. Both meditators and non-meditators participated. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed a three-factor model of mindfulness with 12 items (four items per subscale). Psychometric evaluation demonstrated the solid factor structure of the measurement with high factor loadings, good internal consistency, and convergent validities. Longitudinal analysis indicated that the Acting with Awareness facet was a significant predictor of depression and anxiety symptoms six months later. Discussions focused on the roles of mindfulness capability on mental health as well as the relationship between them. A higher-order factor of mindfulness should be used to examine the efficacy of intervention or monitor the changes. Researchers who need to study the specific role or efficacy of each facet should calculate the scores of different facets. |
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| id | doaj.art-31a2b4e4001e4e5fa6a3beed97fdf4ef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:43:25Z |
| publishDate | 2016-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-31a2b4e4001e4e5fa6a3beed97fdf4ef2022-12-22T02:55:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782016-09-01710.3389/fpsyg.2016.01348202504Distinguishing Dispositional and Cultivated Forms of Mindfulness: Item-level Factor Analysis of Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Construction of Short Inventory of Mindfulness CapabilityWenjie Duan0Jinxia Li1Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityThe widely used Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) mixes the dispositional and cultivated forms of mindfulness, thereby resulting in factor issues in previous studies. The present study distinguished the two forms of mindfulness and developed a Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability at the item level of FFMQ. Three facets of mindfulness, namely, Describing, Acting with Awareness, and Non-judging of Experience, were assessed using community (n = 433) and student (n = 347) samples. Both meditators and non-meditators participated. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed a three-factor model of mindfulness with 12 items (four items per subscale). Psychometric evaluation demonstrated the solid factor structure of the measurement with high factor loadings, good internal consistency, and convergent validities. Longitudinal analysis indicated that the Acting with Awareness facet was a significant predictor of depression and anxiety symptoms six months later. Discussions focused on the roles of mindfulness capability on mental health as well as the relationship between them. A higher-order factor of mindfulness should be used to examine the efficacy of intervention or monitor the changes. Researchers who need to study the specific role or efficacy of each facet should calculate the scores of different facets.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01348/fullmindfulnessvalidityfactor structureDispositional mindfulnessShort Inventory of Mindfulness Capabilitycultivated mindfulness |
| spellingShingle | Wenjie Duan Jinxia Li Distinguishing Dispositional and Cultivated Forms of Mindfulness: Item-level Factor Analysis of Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Construction of Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability Frontiers in Psychology mindfulness validity factor structure Dispositional mindfulness Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability cultivated mindfulness |
| title | Distinguishing Dispositional and Cultivated Forms of Mindfulness: Item-level Factor Analysis of Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Construction of Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability |
| title_full | Distinguishing Dispositional and Cultivated Forms of Mindfulness: Item-level Factor Analysis of Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Construction of Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability |
| title_fullStr | Distinguishing Dispositional and Cultivated Forms of Mindfulness: Item-level Factor Analysis of Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Construction of Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distinguishing Dispositional and Cultivated Forms of Mindfulness: Item-level Factor Analysis of Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Construction of Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability |
| title_short | Distinguishing Dispositional and Cultivated Forms of Mindfulness: Item-level Factor Analysis of Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Construction of Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability |
| title_sort | distinguishing dispositional and cultivated forms of mindfulness item level factor analysis of five facet mindfulness questionnaire and construction of short inventory of mindfulness capability |
| topic | mindfulness validity factor structure Dispositional mindfulness Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability cultivated mindfulness |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01348/full |
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