A novel indocyanine green-based fluorescent marker for guiding surgical tumor resection

Surgical tumor resection is a common approach to cancer treatment. India Ink tattoos are widely used to aid tumor resection by localizing and mapping the tumor edge at the surface. However, India Ink tattoos are easily obscured during electrosurgical resection, and fade in intensity over time. In th...

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Main Authors: Jiawei Ge, Justin D. Opfermann, Hamed Saeidi, Katherine A. Huenerberg, Christopher D. Badger, Jaepyeong Cha, Martin J. Schnermann, Arjun S. Joshi, Axel Krieger
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: World Scientific Publishing 2021-05-01
Series:Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/epdf/10.1142/S1793545821500139
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author Jiawei Ge
Justin D. Opfermann
Hamed Saeidi
Katherine A. Huenerberg
Christopher D. Badger
Jaepyeong Cha
Martin J. Schnermann
Arjun S. Joshi
Axel Krieger
author_facet Jiawei Ge
Justin D. Opfermann
Hamed Saeidi
Katherine A. Huenerberg
Christopher D. Badger
Jaepyeong Cha
Martin J. Schnermann
Arjun S. Joshi
Axel Krieger
author_sort Jiawei Ge
collection DOAJ
description Surgical tumor resection is a common approach to cancer treatment. India Ink tattoos are widely used to aid tumor resection by localizing and mapping the tumor edge at the surface. However, India Ink tattoos are easily obscured during electrosurgical resection, and fade in intensity over time. In this work, a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent marker is introduced as an alternative. The NIR marker was made by mixing indocyanine green (ICG), biocompatible cyanoacrylate, and acetone. The marking strategy was evaluated in a chronic ex vivo feasibility study using porcine tissues, followed by a chronic in vivo mouse study while compared with India Ink. In both studies, signal-to-noise (SNR) ratios and dimensions of the NIR markers and/or India Ink over the study period were calculated and reported. Electrocautery was performed on the last day of the mouse study after mice were euthanized, and SNR ratios and dimensions were quantified and compared. Biopsy was performed at all injection sites and slides were examined by a pathologist. The proposed NIR marker achieved (i) consistent visibility in the 26-day feasibility study and (ii) improved durability, visibility, and biocompatibility when compared to traditional India Ink over the six-week period in an in vivo mouse model. These effects persist after electrocautery whereas the India Ink markers were obscured. The use of a NIR fluorescent presurgical marking strategy has the potential for intraoperative tracking during long-term treatment protocols.
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spelling doaj.art-31a44133efc24966a405347e88f4200b2022-12-21T21:27:29ZengWorld Scientific PublishingJournal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences1793-54581793-72052021-05-011432150013-12150013-1110.1142/S179354582150013910.1142/S1793545821500139A novel indocyanine green-based fluorescent marker for guiding surgical tumor resectionJiawei Ge0Justin D. Opfermann1Hamed Saeidi2Katherine A. Huenerberg3Christopher D. Badger4Jaepyeong Cha5Martin J. Schnermann6Arjun S. Joshi7Axel Krieger8Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USADivision of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USASheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USAChemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USADivision of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USASurgical tumor resection is a common approach to cancer treatment. India Ink tattoos are widely used to aid tumor resection by localizing and mapping the tumor edge at the surface. However, India Ink tattoos are easily obscured during electrosurgical resection, and fade in intensity over time. In this work, a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent marker is introduced as an alternative. The NIR marker was made by mixing indocyanine green (ICG), biocompatible cyanoacrylate, and acetone. The marking strategy was evaluated in a chronic ex vivo feasibility study using porcine tissues, followed by a chronic in vivo mouse study while compared with India Ink. In both studies, signal-to-noise (SNR) ratios and dimensions of the NIR markers and/or India Ink over the study period were calculated and reported. Electrocautery was performed on the last day of the mouse study after mice were euthanized, and SNR ratios and dimensions were quantified and compared. Biopsy was performed at all injection sites and slides were examined by a pathologist. The proposed NIR marker achieved (i) consistent visibility in the 26-day feasibility study and (ii) improved durability, visibility, and biocompatibility when compared to traditional India Ink over the six-week period in an in vivo mouse model. These effects persist after electrocautery whereas the India Ink markers were obscured. The use of a NIR fluorescent presurgical marking strategy has the potential for intraoperative tracking during long-term treatment protocols.http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/epdf/10.1142/S1793545821500139near-infrared fluorescent markersurgical tumor resectionfluorescence-guided surgeryelectrosurgeryindia ink
spellingShingle Jiawei Ge
Justin D. Opfermann
Hamed Saeidi
Katherine A. Huenerberg
Christopher D. Badger
Jaepyeong Cha
Martin J. Schnermann
Arjun S. Joshi
Axel Krieger
A novel indocyanine green-based fluorescent marker for guiding surgical tumor resection
Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
near-infrared fluorescent marker
surgical tumor resection
fluorescence-guided surgery
electrosurgery
india ink
title A novel indocyanine green-based fluorescent marker for guiding surgical tumor resection
title_full A novel indocyanine green-based fluorescent marker for guiding surgical tumor resection
title_fullStr A novel indocyanine green-based fluorescent marker for guiding surgical tumor resection
title_full_unstemmed A novel indocyanine green-based fluorescent marker for guiding surgical tumor resection
title_short A novel indocyanine green-based fluorescent marker for guiding surgical tumor resection
title_sort novel indocyanine green based fluorescent marker for guiding surgical tumor resection
topic near-infrared fluorescent marker
surgical tumor resection
fluorescence-guided surgery
electrosurgery
india ink
url http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/epdf/10.1142/S1793545821500139
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