Comparison of edible brown algae extracts for the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in glucose release from the diet
Type II diabetes is considered the most common metabolic disorder in the developed world and currently affects about one in ten globally. A therapeutic target for the management of type II diabetes is the inhibition of α- glucosidase, an essential enzyme located at the brush border of the small inte...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nutritional Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679020000567/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1811155974136791040 |
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| author | Maha Attjioui Sinead Ryan Aleksandra Konic Ristic Thomas Higgins Oscar Goñi Eileen R. Gibney Joanna Tierney Shane O'Connell |
| author_facet | Maha Attjioui Sinead Ryan Aleksandra Konic Ristic Thomas Higgins Oscar Goñi Eileen R. Gibney Joanna Tierney Shane O'Connell |
| author_sort | Maha Attjioui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type II diabetes is considered the most common metabolic disorder in the developed world and currently affects about one in ten globally. A therapeutic target for the management of type II diabetes is the inhibition of α- glucosidase, an essential enzyme located at the brush border of the small intestinal epithelium. The inhibition of α-glucosidase results in reduced digestion of carbohydrates and a decrease in postprandial blood glucose. Although pharmaceutical synthetic inhibitors are available, these are usually associated with significant gastrointestinal side effects. In the present study, the impact of inhibitors derived from edible brown algae is being investigated and compared for their effect on glycaemic control. Carbohydrate- and polyphenolic-enriched extracts derived from Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus and Undaria pinnatifida were characterised and screened for their inhibitory effects on maltase and sucrase enzymes. Furthermore, enzyme kinetics and the mechanism of inhibition of maltase and sucrase were determined using linear and nonlinear regression methods. All tested extracts showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase with IC50 values ranging from 0⋅26 to 0⋅47 mg/ml for maltase; however, the only extract that was able to inhibit sucrase activity was A. nodosum, with an IC50 value of 0⋅83 mg/ml. The present study demonstrates the mechanisms in which different brown seaweed extracts with varying composition and molecular weight distribution differentially inhibit α-glucosidase activities. The data highlight that all brown seaweed extracts are not equal in the inhibition of carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in postprandial glycaemia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:42:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-31bb9ce4229349068088b87557a2f073 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2048-6790 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:42:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nutritional Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-31bb9ce4229349068088b87557a2f0732023-03-09T12:38:45ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Nutritional Science2048-67902021-01-011010.1017/jns.2020.56Comparison of edible brown algae extracts for the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in glucose release from the dietMaha Attjioui0Sinead Ryan1Aleksandra Konic Ristic2Thomas Higgins3Oscar Goñi4Eileen R. Gibney5Joanna Tierney6Shane O'Connell7Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Institute of Technology Tralee, Tralee, IrelandMarigot Ltd., Carrigaline, IrelandUCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandShannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Institute of Technology Tralee, Tralee, IrelandMarigot Ltd., Carrigaline, IrelandUCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandShannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Institute of Technology Tralee, Tralee, IrelandShannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Institute of Technology Tralee, Tralee, Ireland Marigot Ltd., Carrigaline, IrelandType II diabetes is considered the most common metabolic disorder in the developed world and currently affects about one in ten globally. A therapeutic target for the management of type II diabetes is the inhibition of α- glucosidase, an essential enzyme located at the brush border of the small intestinal epithelium. The inhibition of α-glucosidase results in reduced digestion of carbohydrates and a decrease in postprandial blood glucose. Although pharmaceutical synthetic inhibitors are available, these are usually associated with significant gastrointestinal side effects. In the present study, the impact of inhibitors derived from edible brown algae is being investigated and compared for their effect on glycaemic control. Carbohydrate- and polyphenolic-enriched extracts derived from Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus and Undaria pinnatifida were characterised and screened for their inhibitory effects on maltase and sucrase enzymes. Furthermore, enzyme kinetics and the mechanism of inhibition of maltase and sucrase were determined using linear and nonlinear regression methods. All tested extracts showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase with IC50 values ranging from 0⋅26 to 0⋅47 mg/ml for maltase; however, the only extract that was able to inhibit sucrase activity was A. nodosum, with an IC50 value of 0⋅83 mg/ml. The present study demonstrates the mechanisms in which different brown seaweed extracts with varying composition and molecular weight distribution differentially inhibit α-glucosidase activities. The data highlight that all brown seaweed extracts are not equal in the inhibition of carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in postprandial glycaemia.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679020000567/type/journal_articleType II diabetesα-GlucosidaseSeaweedAscophyllum nodosumFucus vesiculosisUndaria pinnatifida |
| spellingShingle | Maha Attjioui Sinead Ryan Aleksandra Konic Ristic Thomas Higgins Oscar Goñi Eileen R. Gibney Joanna Tierney Shane O'Connell Comparison of edible brown algae extracts for the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in glucose release from the diet Journal of Nutritional Science Type II diabetes α-Glucosidase Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum Fucus vesiculosis Undaria pinnatifida |
| title | Comparison of edible brown algae extracts for the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in glucose release from the diet |
| title_full | Comparison of edible brown algae extracts for the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in glucose release from the diet |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of edible brown algae extracts for the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in glucose release from the diet |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of edible brown algae extracts for the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in glucose release from the diet |
| title_short | Comparison of edible brown algae extracts for the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in glucose release from the diet |
| title_sort | comparison of edible brown algae extracts for the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzymes involved in glucose release from the diet |
| topic | Type II diabetes α-Glucosidase Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum Fucus vesiculosis Undaria pinnatifida |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679020000567/type/journal_article |
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