Microfluidic Fabrication of Gadolinium-Doped Hydroxyapatite for Theragnostic Applications
Among the several possible uses of nanoparticulated systems in biomedicine, their potential as theragnostic agents has received significant interest in recent times. In this work, we have taken advantage of the medical applications of Gadolinium as a contrast agent with the versatility and huge arra...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/3/501 |
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| author | Manuel Somoza Ramón Rial Zhen Liu Iago F. Llovo Rui L. Reis Jesús Mosqueira Juan M. Ruso |
| author_facet | Manuel Somoza Ramón Rial Zhen Liu Iago F. Llovo Rui L. Reis Jesús Mosqueira Juan M. Ruso |
| author_sort | Manuel Somoza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Among the several possible uses of nanoparticulated systems in biomedicine, their potential as theragnostic agents has received significant interest in recent times. In this work, we have taken advantage of the medical applications of Gadolinium as a contrast agent with the versatility and huge array of possibilities that microfluidics can help to create doped Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with magnetic properties in an efficient and functional way. First, with the help of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), we performed a complete and precise study of all the elements and phases of our device to guarantee that our microfluidic system worked in the laminar regime and was not affected by the presence of nanoparticles through the flow requisite that is essential to guarantee homogeneous diffusion between the elements or phases in play. Then the obtained biomaterials were physiochemically characterized by means of XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, confocal Raman microscopy, and FT-IR, confirming the successful incorporation of the lanthanide element Gadolinium in part of the Ca (II) binding sites. Finally, the magnetic characterization confirmed the paramagnetic behaviour of the nanoparticles, demonstrating that, with a simple and automatized system, it is possible to obtain advanced nanomaterials that can offer a promising and innovative solution in theragnostic applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:31:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-31bb9ecb922b4361a3ca0b95438b8117 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:31:09Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-31bb9ecb922b4361a3ca0b95438b81172023-11-16T17:35:39ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912023-01-0113350110.3390/nano13030501Microfluidic Fabrication of Gadolinium-Doped Hydroxyapatite for Theragnostic ApplicationsManuel Somoza0Ramón Rial1Zhen Liu2Iago F. Llovo3Rui L. Reis4Jesús Mosqueira5Juan M. Ruso6Soft Matter and Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Applied Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, SpainSoft Matter and Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Applied Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Physics and Engineering, Frostburg State University, Frostburg, MD 21532, USAQMatterPhotonics, Departamento de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, PortugalQMatterPhotonics, Departamento de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, SpainSoft Matter and Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Applied Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, SpainAmong the several possible uses of nanoparticulated systems in biomedicine, their potential as theragnostic agents has received significant interest in recent times. In this work, we have taken advantage of the medical applications of Gadolinium as a contrast agent with the versatility and huge array of possibilities that microfluidics can help to create doped Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with magnetic properties in an efficient and functional way. First, with the help of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), we performed a complete and precise study of all the elements and phases of our device to guarantee that our microfluidic system worked in the laminar regime and was not affected by the presence of nanoparticles through the flow requisite that is essential to guarantee homogeneous diffusion between the elements or phases in play. Then the obtained biomaterials were physiochemically characterized by means of XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, confocal Raman microscopy, and FT-IR, confirming the successful incorporation of the lanthanide element Gadolinium in part of the Ca (II) binding sites. Finally, the magnetic characterization confirmed the paramagnetic behaviour of the nanoparticles, demonstrating that, with a simple and automatized system, it is possible to obtain advanced nanomaterials that can offer a promising and innovative solution in theragnostic applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/3/501Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)nanomaterialsmicrofluidicstissue engineeringtheragnostic |
| spellingShingle | Manuel Somoza Ramón Rial Zhen Liu Iago F. Llovo Rui L. Reis Jesús Mosqueira Juan M. Ruso Microfluidic Fabrication of Gadolinium-Doped Hydroxyapatite for Theragnostic Applications Nanomaterials Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) nanomaterials microfluidics tissue engineering theragnostic |
| title | Microfluidic Fabrication of Gadolinium-Doped Hydroxyapatite for Theragnostic Applications |
| title_full | Microfluidic Fabrication of Gadolinium-Doped Hydroxyapatite for Theragnostic Applications |
| title_fullStr | Microfluidic Fabrication of Gadolinium-Doped Hydroxyapatite for Theragnostic Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microfluidic Fabrication of Gadolinium-Doped Hydroxyapatite for Theragnostic Applications |
| title_short | Microfluidic Fabrication of Gadolinium-Doped Hydroxyapatite for Theragnostic Applications |
| title_sort | microfluidic fabrication of gadolinium doped hydroxyapatite for theragnostic applications |
| topic | Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) nanomaterials microfluidics tissue engineering theragnostic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/3/501 |
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