Helping low-income smokers quit: findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigationResearch in context
Summary: Background: Quitting smoking is especially challenging for low-income smokers due to high stress, high smoking prevalence around them, and limited support for quitting. This study aimed to determine whether any of three interventions designed specifically for low-income smokers would be mo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | The Lancet Regional Health. Americas |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X23001035 |
| _version_ | 1797781842292637696 |
|---|---|
| author | Matthew W. Kreuter Rachel Garg Qiang Fu Charlene Caburnay Tess Thompson Christina Roberts Dominique Sandheinrich Irum Javed Jennifer M. Wolff Taylor Butler Lauren M. Grimes Kelly M. Carpenter Robin Pokojski Kristen Engelbrecht Valerie Howard Amy McQueen |
| author_facet | Matthew W. Kreuter Rachel Garg Qiang Fu Charlene Caburnay Tess Thompson Christina Roberts Dominique Sandheinrich Irum Javed Jennifer M. Wolff Taylor Butler Lauren M. Grimes Kelly M. Carpenter Robin Pokojski Kristen Engelbrecht Valerie Howard Amy McQueen |
| author_sort | Matthew W. Kreuter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Background: Quitting smoking is especially challenging for low-income smokers due to high stress, high smoking prevalence around them, and limited support for quitting. This study aimed to determine whether any of three interventions designed specifically for low-income smokers would be more effective than standard tobacco quitline services: a specialized quitline, the specialized quitline with social needs navigation, or the standard quitline with social needs navigation. Methods: Using a randomized 2 × 2 factorial design, low-income daily cigarette smokers (n = 1944) in Missouri, USA who called a helpline seeking assistance with food, rent or other social needs were assigned to receive Standard Quitline alone (n = 485), Standard Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (n = 484), Specialized Quitline alone (n = 485), or Specialized Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (n = 490). The target sample size was 2000, 500 per group. The main outcome was 7-day self-reported point prevalence abstinence at 6-month follow-up. Multiple imputation was used to impute outcomes for those missing data at 6-month follow-up. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to assess differences between study groups. Findings: Participants were recruited from June 2017 to November 2020; most were African American (1111 [58%]) or White (666 [35%]), female (1396 [72%]), and reported <$10,000 (957 [51%]) or <$20,000 (1529 [82%]) annual pre-tax household income. At 6-month follow-up (58% retention), 101 participants in the Standard Quitline group reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence (20.8% of those assigned at baseline, 38.1% after imputation). Quit rates in the Specialized Quitline (90 quitters, 18.6%, 38.1%) and Specialized Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (103 quitters, 21.0%, 39.8%) were not different from the Standard Quitline. Quit rates for Standard Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (74 quitters, 15.3%, 30.1%) were significantly lower than Standard Quitline (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.50–0.98). Interpretation: A specialized version of a state tobacco quitline was no more effective than standard quitline services in helping low-income smokers quit. Adding social needs navigation to a standard quitline decreased its effectiveness. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03194958. Funding: National Cancer Institute: R01CA201429. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:02:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-31bc93f844824eb3a72b53a60e993174 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2667-193X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:02:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Lancet Regional Health. Americas |
| spelling | doaj.art-31bc93f844824eb3a72b53a60e9931742023-07-13T05:30:59ZengElsevierThe Lancet Regional Health. Americas2667-193X2023-07-0123100529Helping low-income smokers quit: findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigationResearch in contextMatthew W. Kreuter0Rachel Garg1Qiang Fu2Charlene Caburnay3Tess Thompson4Christina Roberts5Dominique Sandheinrich6Irum Javed7Jennifer M. Wolff8Taylor Butler9Lauren M. Grimes10Kelly M. Carpenter11Robin Pokojski12Kristen Engelbrecht13Valerie Howard14Amy McQueen15Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Corresponding author. Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.Health Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USADepartment of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USAHealth Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USAHealth Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USAHealth Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USAHealth Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USAHealth Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USAHealth Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USAHealth Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USAHealth Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USACenter for Wellbeing Research, OptumHealth, Seattle, WA, USACommunity Partnerships, United Way of Greater St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA211, United Way of Greater Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USATobacco Prevention and Control Program, Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services, Jefferson City, MO, USAHealth Communication Research Laboratory, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USASummary: Background: Quitting smoking is especially challenging for low-income smokers due to high stress, high smoking prevalence around them, and limited support for quitting. This study aimed to determine whether any of three interventions designed specifically for low-income smokers would be more effective than standard tobacco quitline services: a specialized quitline, the specialized quitline with social needs navigation, or the standard quitline with social needs navigation. Methods: Using a randomized 2 × 2 factorial design, low-income daily cigarette smokers (n = 1944) in Missouri, USA who called a helpline seeking assistance with food, rent or other social needs were assigned to receive Standard Quitline alone (n = 485), Standard Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (n = 484), Specialized Quitline alone (n = 485), or Specialized Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (n = 490). The target sample size was 2000, 500 per group. The main outcome was 7-day self-reported point prevalence abstinence at 6-month follow-up. Multiple imputation was used to impute outcomes for those missing data at 6-month follow-up. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to assess differences between study groups. Findings: Participants were recruited from June 2017 to November 2020; most were African American (1111 [58%]) or White (666 [35%]), female (1396 [72%]), and reported <$10,000 (957 [51%]) or <$20,000 (1529 [82%]) annual pre-tax household income. At 6-month follow-up (58% retention), 101 participants in the Standard Quitline group reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence (20.8% of those assigned at baseline, 38.1% after imputation). Quit rates in the Specialized Quitline (90 quitters, 18.6%, 38.1%) and Specialized Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (103 quitters, 21.0%, 39.8%) were not different from the Standard Quitline. Quit rates for Standard Quitline + Social Needs Navigation (74 quitters, 15.3%, 30.1%) were significantly lower than Standard Quitline (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.50–0.98). Interpretation: A specialized version of a state tobacco quitline was no more effective than standard quitline services in helping low-income smokers quit. Adding social needs navigation to a standard quitline decreased its effectiveness. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03194958. Funding: National Cancer Institute: R01CA201429.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X23001035SmokingCessationLow-incomeHealth disparitiesHealth equitySocial needs |
| spellingShingle | Matthew W. Kreuter Rachel Garg Qiang Fu Charlene Caburnay Tess Thompson Christina Roberts Dominique Sandheinrich Irum Javed Jennifer M. Wolff Taylor Butler Lauren M. Grimes Kelly M. Carpenter Robin Pokojski Kristen Engelbrecht Valerie Howard Amy McQueen Helping low-income smokers quit: findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigationResearch in context The Lancet Regional Health. Americas Smoking Cessation Low-income Health disparities Health equity Social needs |
| title | Helping low-income smokers quit: findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigationResearch in context |
| title_full | Helping low-income smokers quit: findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigationResearch in context |
| title_fullStr | Helping low-income smokers quit: findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigationResearch in context |
| title_full_unstemmed | Helping low-income smokers quit: findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigationResearch in context |
| title_short | Helping low-income smokers quit: findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigationResearch in context |
| title_sort | helping low income smokers quit findings from a randomized controlled trial comparing specialized quitline services with and without social needs navigationresearch in context |
| topic | Smoking Cessation Low-income Health disparities Health equity Social needs |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X23001035 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT matthewwkreuter helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT rachelgarg helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT qiangfu helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT charlenecaburnay helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT tessthompson helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT christinaroberts helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT dominiquesandheinrich helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT irumjaved helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT jennifermwolff helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT taylorbutler helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT laurenmgrimes helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT kellymcarpenter helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT robinpokojski helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT kristenengelbrecht helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT valeriehoward helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext AT amymcqueen helpinglowincomesmokersquitfindingsfromarandomizedcontrolledtrialcomparingspecializedquitlineserviceswithandwithoutsocialneedsnavigationresearchincontext |