Comparative studies on the amino acids, pesticide residue content, biogenic and toxic elements in an underutilized nut: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea)
Background: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) is an indigenous African leguminous crop commonly consumed in Ebonyi State in Nigeria. Methods: This study determined the pesticide residue content, amino acids, toxic and biogenic elements of Bambara groundnut seeds obtained from three local governm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Trace Elements and Minerals |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277305062300006X |
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| author | Chima A. Egedigwe-Ekeleme Ademola C. Famurewa Uchenna O. Egedigwe Chimaraoke Onyeabo Shedrach C. Kanu Shedrack C. Ogunwa Chinwendu A. Onuora Anthonia O. Agbo |
| author_facet | Chima A. Egedigwe-Ekeleme Ademola C. Famurewa Uchenna O. Egedigwe Chimaraoke Onyeabo Shedrach C. Kanu Shedrack C. Ogunwa Chinwendu A. Onuora Anthonia O. Agbo |
| author_sort | Chima A. Egedigwe-Ekeleme |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) is an indigenous African leguminous crop commonly consumed in Ebonyi State in Nigeria. Methods: This study determined the pesticide residue content, amino acids, toxic and biogenic elements of Bambara groundnut seeds obtained from three local government areas - Abakaliki, Ikwo, and Afikpo in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The digested samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission (ICP-OES) for determination of minerals and toxic elements, while High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system was used to determine the amino acids and pesticide residue content. Results: Pesticide residue content varied from 0.001 ± 0.00 to 0.598 ± 0.03 µg kg−1 in Afikpo samples, 0.001 ± 0.05 to 0.50 ± 0.01 µg kg−1 in Abakaliki samples, 0.001 ± 0.00 to 0.47 ± 0.01 µg kg−1 in Ikwo samples. Pesticide residues detected in the samples were meaningless when compared to the maximum residue limit by World Health Organization (WHO). In the amino acid analysis, the composition of the essential amino acids was higher when compared to the WHO standard. Isoleucine was found to be the most abundant in the samples studied. The total percentage of amino acids in Afikpo sample (24.7 ± 1.4) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than samples from Abakaliki (17.8 ± 1.0) and Ikwo (16.8 ± 0.1). The samples contained meaningless amounts of both macro and micro biogenic elements. Toxic elements such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, chromium and nickel were detected but lower than the WHO standard values. Conclusion: This study indicates that this legume may be safe for consumption. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T15:47:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-31cd78cb3f3b4049a85a84dc9ef0f9a1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2773-0506 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T15:47:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Trace Elements and Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-31cd78cb3f3b4049a85a84dc9ef0f9a12023-02-12T04:15:57ZengElsevierJournal of Trace Elements and Minerals2773-05062023-03-013100051Comparative studies on the amino acids, pesticide residue content, biogenic and toxic elements in an underutilized nut: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea)Chima A. Egedigwe-Ekeleme0Ademola C. Famurewa1Uchenna O. Egedigwe2Chimaraoke Onyeabo3Shedrach C. Kanu4Shedrack C. Ogunwa5Chinwendu A. Onuora6Anthonia O. Agbo7Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Ikwo, PMB 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Corresponding author.Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Ikwo, PMB 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaDepartment of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, PMB 7267, Umudike, Abia State, NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Ikwo, PMB 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Ikwo, PMB 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Ikwo, PMB 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Ikwo, PMB 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaBackground: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) is an indigenous African leguminous crop commonly consumed in Ebonyi State in Nigeria. Methods: This study determined the pesticide residue content, amino acids, toxic and biogenic elements of Bambara groundnut seeds obtained from three local government areas - Abakaliki, Ikwo, and Afikpo in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The digested samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission (ICP-OES) for determination of minerals and toxic elements, while High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system was used to determine the amino acids and pesticide residue content. Results: Pesticide residue content varied from 0.001 ± 0.00 to 0.598 ± 0.03 µg kg−1 in Afikpo samples, 0.001 ± 0.05 to 0.50 ± 0.01 µg kg−1 in Abakaliki samples, 0.001 ± 0.00 to 0.47 ± 0.01 µg kg−1 in Ikwo samples. Pesticide residues detected in the samples were meaningless when compared to the maximum residue limit by World Health Organization (WHO). In the amino acid analysis, the composition of the essential amino acids was higher when compared to the WHO standard. Isoleucine was found to be the most abundant in the samples studied. The total percentage of amino acids in Afikpo sample (24.7 ± 1.4) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than samples from Abakaliki (17.8 ± 1.0) and Ikwo (16.8 ± 0.1). The samples contained meaningless amounts of both macro and micro biogenic elements. Toxic elements such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, chromium and nickel were detected but lower than the WHO standard values. Conclusion: This study indicates that this legume may be safe for consumption.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277305062300006XBambara groundnutAmino acidsPesticide residueBiogenic elementsToxic elements |
| spellingShingle | Chima A. Egedigwe-Ekeleme Ademola C. Famurewa Uchenna O. Egedigwe Chimaraoke Onyeabo Shedrach C. Kanu Shedrack C. Ogunwa Chinwendu A. Onuora Anthonia O. Agbo Comparative studies on the amino acids, pesticide residue content, biogenic and toxic elements in an underutilized nut: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) Journal of Trace Elements and Minerals Bambara groundnut Amino acids Pesticide residue Biogenic elements Toxic elements |
| title | Comparative studies on the amino acids, pesticide residue content, biogenic and toxic elements in an underutilized nut: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) |
| title_full | Comparative studies on the amino acids, pesticide residue content, biogenic and toxic elements in an underutilized nut: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) |
| title_fullStr | Comparative studies on the amino acids, pesticide residue content, biogenic and toxic elements in an underutilized nut: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative studies on the amino acids, pesticide residue content, biogenic and toxic elements in an underutilized nut: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) |
| title_short | Comparative studies on the amino acids, pesticide residue content, biogenic and toxic elements in an underutilized nut: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) |
| title_sort | comparative studies on the amino acids pesticide residue content biogenic and toxic elements in an underutilized nut bambara groundnut vigna subterranea |
| topic | Bambara groundnut Amino acids Pesticide residue Biogenic elements Toxic elements |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277305062300006X |
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