The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetic Complications
Diabetes is considered to be one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. There is a growing scientific and public interest in connecting oxidative stress with a variety of pathological conditions including diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as other human diseases. Previous experimental and clini...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sultan Qaboos University
2012-02-01
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| Series: | Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal |
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| Online Access: | http://web.squ.edu.om/squmj/includes/tng/pub/tNG_download.asp?id=09e28841a2f0f3afb524aebdf91a19eb |
| _version_ | 1818569637944623104 |
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| author | Fatmah A Matough Siti B Budin Zariyantey A Hamid Nasar Alwahaibi Jamaludin Mohamed |
| author_facet | Fatmah A Matough Siti B Budin Zariyantey A Hamid Nasar Alwahaibi Jamaludin Mohamed |
| author_sort | Fatmah A Matough |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetes is considered to be one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. There is a growing scientific and public interest in connecting oxidative stress with a variety of pathological conditions including diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as other human diseases. Previous experimental and clinical studies report that oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis and development of complications of both types of DM. However, the exact mechanism by which oxidative stress could contribute to and accelerate the development of complications in diabetic mellitus is only partly known and remains to be clarified. On the one hand, hyperglycemia induces free radicals; on the other hand, it impairs the endogenous antioxidant defense system in patients with diabetes. Endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms include both enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. Their functions in human cells are to counterbalance toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Common antioxidants include the vitamins A, C, and E, glutathione (GSH), and the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GRx). This review describes the importance of endogenous antioxidant defense systems, their relationship to several pathophysiological processes and their possible therapeutic implications in vivo. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T06:50:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-31d0e0f7fda2453e96d803ab5c317413 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-051X 2075-0528 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T06:50:33Z |
| publishDate | 2012-02-01 |
| publisher | Sultan Qaboos University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-31d0e0f7fda2453e96d803ab5c3174132022-12-21T23:12:55ZengSultan Qaboos UniversitySultan Qaboos University Medical Journal2075-051X2075-05282012-02-01121518The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetic ComplicationsFatmah A Matough0Siti B Budin1Zariyantey A Hamid2Nasar Alwahaibi3Jamaludin Mohamed4Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaProgramme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaProgramme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, OmanProgramme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDiabetes is considered to be one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. There is a growing scientific and public interest in connecting oxidative stress with a variety of pathological conditions including diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as other human diseases. Previous experimental and clinical studies report that oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis and development of complications of both types of DM. However, the exact mechanism by which oxidative stress could contribute to and accelerate the development of complications in diabetic mellitus is only partly known and remains to be clarified. On the one hand, hyperglycemia induces free radicals; on the other hand, it impairs the endogenous antioxidant defense system in patients with diabetes. Endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms include both enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. Their functions in human cells are to counterbalance toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Common antioxidants include the vitamins A, C, and E, glutathione (GSH), and the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GRx). This review describes the importance of endogenous antioxidant defense systems, their relationship to several pathophysiological processes and their possible therapeutic implications in vivo.http://web.squ.edu.om/squmj/includes/tng/pub/tNG_download.asp?id=09e28841a2f0f3afb524aebdf91a19ebOxidative stressReactive oxygen speciesAntioxidantsDiabetic mellitusFree radicalsCardiovascular diseasesDiabetic complicationsLipid peroxidation |
| spellingShingle | Fatmah A Matough Siti B Budin Zariyantey A Hamid Nasar Alwahaibi Jamaludin Mohamed The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetic Complications Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Oxidative stress Reactive oxygen species Antioxidants Diabetic mellitus Free radicals Cardiovascular diseases Diabetic complications Lipid peroxidation |
| title | The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetic Complications |
| title_full | The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetic Complications |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetic Complications |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetic Complications |
| title_short | The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetic Complications |
| title_sort | role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in diabetic complications |
| topic | Oxidative stress Reactive oxygen species Antioxidants Diabetic mellitus Free radicals Cardiovascular diseases Diabetic complications Lipid peroxidation |
| url | http://web.squ.edu.om/squmj/includes/tng/pub/tNG_download.asp?id=09e28841a2f0f3afb524aebdf91a19eb |
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