Chromium (III) Ions Were Extracted from Wastewater Effluent Using a Synergistic Green Membrane with a BinaryCombination of D2EHPA and Kerosene
This study used a supported liquid membrane system (SLM) using Celgard 2400 polypropylene as the support, di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as the carrier, and kerosene as the diluent. To obtain the best carrier concentration, D2EHPA concentrations between 0.04 and 0.6 M were used. The Cr (I...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| author | Sadaf Sarfraz Akmal Javed Abid Mohsin Javed Shahid Iqbal Samar O. Aljazzar Manzar Zahra Hamad Alrbyawi Eslam B. Elkaeed H. H. Somaily Rami Adel Pashameah Eman Alzahrani Abd-ElAziem Farouk |
| author_facet | Sadaf Sarfraz Akmal Javed Abid Mohsin Javed Shahid Iqbal Samar O. Aljazzar Manzar Zahra Hamad Alrbyawi Eslam B. Elkaeed H. H. Somaily Rami Adel Pashameah Eman Alzahrani Abd-ElAziem Farouk |
| author_sort | Sadaf Sarfraz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study used a supported liquid membrane system (SLM) using Celgard 2400 polypropylene as the support, di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as the carrier, and kerosene as the diluent. To obtain the best carrier concentration, D2EHPA concentrations between 0.04 and 0.6 M were used. The Cr (III) solutions used in the feed phase had various ionic strengths and were adjusted with NaCl at concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 1.75 M. To maintain a constant pH (4) in the feed phase, a 0.2 M acetic acid–sodium acetate buffer was utilized. Because the rate of Cr (III)-carrier complex formation at the interface of the feed solution and membrane increased up to 20 × 10<sup>−4</sup> mol/L, it was discovered that transport of Cr (III) rose with an increase in chromium content in the feeding phase. For the optimization of the various stripping agents, HCl concentration was employed, from 0.25 M to 1.75 M. It was observed that Cr (III) transport increased with the increase in HCl concentration because the transport was at a pH gradient, which was the main driving force. Because of the fact that at the feed phase-membrane contact, D2EHPA combined with chromium ions to form the Cr (III)-carrier complex and released H+ protons, in the feed phase, the Cr (III)-carrier complex was diffused into a stripping phase, wherein Cr (III) ions were stripped and the carrier was reversibly protonated again. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:29:54Z |
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| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:29:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-31d4f7393edf4039bfa8e87967a6c5bc2023-11-23T23:25:39ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442022-10-011210122010.3390/catal12101220Chromium (III) Ions Were Extracted from Wastewater Effluent Using a Synergistic Green Membrane with a BinaryCombination of D2EHPA and KeroseneSadaf Sarfraz0Akmal Javed Abid1Mohsin Javed2Shahid Iqbal3Samar O. Aljazzar4Manzar Zahra5Hamad Alrbyawi6Eslam B. Elkaeed7H. H. Somaily8Rami Adel Pashameah9Eman Alzahrani10Abd-ElAziem Farouk11Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore 54810, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore 54810, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 46000, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore 54810, PakistanPharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi ArabiaResearch Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61421, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24230, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaThis study used a supported liquid membrane system (SLM) using Celgard 2400 polypropylene as the support, di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as the carrier, and kerosene as the diluent. To obtain the best carrier concentration, D2EHPA concentrations between 0.04 and 0.6 M were used. The Cr (III) solutions used in the feed phase had various ionic strengths and were adjusted with NaCl at concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 1.75 M. To maintain a constant pH (4) in the feed phase, a 0.2 M acetic acid–sodium acetate buffer was utilized. Because the rate of Cr (III)-carrier complex formation at the interface of the feed solution and membrane increased up to 20 × 10<sup>−4</sup> mol/L, it was discovered that transport of Cr (III) rose with an increase in chromium content in the feeding phase. For the optimization of the various stripping agents, HCl concentration was employed, from 0.25 M to 1.75 M. It was observed that Cr (III) transport increased with the increase in HCl concentration because the transport was at a pH gradient, which was the main driving force. Because of the fact that at the feed phase-membrane contact, D2EHPA combined with chromium ions to form the Cr (III)-carrier complex and released H+ protons, in the feed phase, the Cr (III)-carrier complex was diffused into a stripping phase, wherein Cr (III) ions were stripped and the carrier was reversibly protonated again.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/10/1220heavy metal toxicitybis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acidCr (III) extractionsupported liquid membranetransportation efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Sadaf Sarfraz Akmal Javed Abid Mohsin Javed Shahid Iqbal Samar O. Aljazzar Manzar Zahra Hamad Alrbyawi Eslam B. Elkaeed H. H. Somaily Rami Adel Pashameah Eman Alzahrani Abd-ElAziem Farouk Chromium (III) Ions Were Extracted from Wastewater Effluent Using a Synergistic Green Membrane with a BinaryCombination of D2EHPA and Kerosene Catalysts heavy metal toxicity bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid Cr (III) extraction supported liquid membrane transportation efficiency |
| title | Chromium (III) Ions Were Extracted from Wastewater Effluent Using a Synergistic Green Membrane with a BinaryCombination of D2EHPA and Kerosene |
| title_full | Chromium (III) Ions Were Extracted from Wastewater Effluent Using a Synergistic Green Membrane with a BinaryCombination of D2EHPA and Kerosene |
| title_fullStr | Chromium (III) Ions Were Extracted from Wastewater Effluent Using a Synergistic Green Membrane with a BinaryCombination of D2EHPA and Kerosene |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chromium (III) Ions Were Extracted from Wastewater Effluent Using a Synergistic Green Membrane with a BinaryCombination of D2EHPA and Kerosene |
| title_short | Chromium (III) Ions Were Extracted from Wastewater Effluent Using a Synergistic Green Membrane with a BinaryCombination of D2EHPA and Kerosene |
| title_sort | chromium iii ions were extracted from wastewater effluent using a synergistic green membrane with a binarycombination of d2ehpa and kerosene |
| topic | heavy metal toxicity bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid Cr (III) extraction supported liquid membrane transportation efficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/10/1220 |
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