The Effect of Biochar-Based Organic Amendments on the Structure of Soil Bacterial Community and Yield of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)
The taxonomic and functional diversity of bacteria in seven different experimental variants applied to soil under a maize plantation was determined by means of next-generation sequencing and biochemical methods. The aim of the study was to discover differences in the structure of bacteria and the le...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/7/1286 |
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| author | Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka Tomasz Piechota Alicja Niewiadomska Adam Kamiński Dariusz Kayzer Aleksandra Grzyb Agnieszka A. Pilarska |
| author_facet | Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka Tomasz Piechota Alicja Niewiadomska Adam Kamiński Dariusz Kayzer Aleksandra Grzyb Agnieszka A. Pilarska |
| author_sort | Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The taxonomic and functional diversity of bacteria in seven different experimental variants applied to soil under a maize plantation was determined by means of next-generation sequencing and biochemical methods. The aim of the study was to discover differences in the structure of bacteria and the level of soil enzymatic activity (BIF—biochemical index of fertility) after the application of a biofertiliser made of lignocellulosic substrate and biochar containing various microorganisms (algae, mycorrhizal fungi of the <i>Glomus</i> genus or the consortium of <i>Bacillus</i> sp. bacteria). The chemical composition and yield of crops was a measurable indicator of the effectiveness of the fertilisers. The biofertilisers influenced both the structure and the percentage share of individual bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTU). The cultivation of maize also modified qualitative and quantitative changes in the soil bacterial microbiome. A canonical variate analysis (CVA) showed that the soil pH exhibited a minimal positive correlation with the soil enzymatic activity and selected plant parameters, with the exception of the biofertiliser variant with arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM). Moreover, the AM biofertiliser significantly increased the BIF value, the yield of maize seeds and the starch content in the plants. The comprehensive nature of the research allowed for a deepening and systematization of the existing knowledge on the influence of biochar with the addition of selected microorganisms on the biochemical parameters of the soil and the bacterial biodiversity of the soil environment. Additionally, the inclusion of the chemical, sanitary composition and yield of maize in the research brought a measurable view of the changes taking place in the soil and plant environment under the influence of the discussed factor. Apart from the agronomic aspect (integrated crop cultivation—Directive 2009/128/EC) of our study, it was also closely related to environmental protection, as it proved that biochar-based biofertilisers could be an alternative to mineral fertilisation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:56:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-31e56ff7701d4c89a0b3e41c410580d4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:56:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-31e56ff7701d4c89a0b3e41c410580d42023-12-03T13:05:18ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-06-01117128610.3390/agronomy11071286The Effect of Biochar-Based Organic Amendments on the Structure of Soil Bacterial Community and Yield of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka0Tomasz Piechota1Alicja Niewiadomska2Adam Kamiński3Dariusz Kayzer4Aleksandra Grzyb5Agnieszka A. Pilarska6Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-656 Poznań, PolandDepartment of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznań, PolandInternational Chemical Company S.A., Łużycka 50, 66-200 Świebodzin, PolandDepartment of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, PolandDepartment of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Plant-Derived Food Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, PolandThe taxonomic and functional diversity of bacteria in seven different experimental variants applied to soil under a maize plantation was determined by means of next-generation sequencing and biochemical methods. The aim of the study was to discover differences in the structure of bacteria and the level of soil enzymatic activity (BIF—biochemical index of fertility) after the application of a biofertiliser made of lignocellulosic substrate and biochar containing various microorganisms (algae, mycorrhizal fungi of the <i>Glomus</i> genus or the consortium of <i>Bacillus</i> sp. bacteria). The chemical composition and yield of crops was a measurable indicator of the effectiveness of the fertilisers. The biofertilisers influenced both the structure and the percentage share of individual bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTU). The cultivation of maize also modified qualitative and quantitative changes in the soil bacterial microbiome. A canonical variate analysis (CVA) showed that the soil pH exhibited a minimal positive correlation with the soil enzymatic activity and selected plant parameters, with the exception of the biofertiliser variant with arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM). Moreover, the AM biofertiliser significantly increased the BIF value, the yield of maize seeds and the starch content in the plants. The comprehensive nature of the research allowed for a deepening and systematization of the existing knowledge on the influence of biochar with the addition of selected microorganisms on the biochemical parameters of the soil and the bacterial biodiversity of the soil environment. Additionally, the inclusion of the chemical, sanitary composition and yield of maize in the research brought a measurable view of the changes taking place in the soil and plant environment under the influence of the discussed factor. Apart from the agronomic aspect (integrated crop cultivation—Directive 2009/128/EC) of our study, it was also closely related to environmental protection, as it proved that biochar-based biofertilisers could be an alternative to mineral fertilisation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/7/1286biofertiliserbacterial biodiversitybiochemical index of fertilitycrop yield |
| spellingShingle | Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka Tomasz Piechota Alicja Niewiadomska Adam Kamiński Dariusz Kayzer Aleksandra Grzyb Agnieszka A. Pilarska The Effect of Biochar-Based Organic Amendments on the Structure of Soil Bacterial Community and Yield of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Agronomy biofertiliser bacterial biodiversity biochemical index of fertility crop yield |
| title | The Effect of Biochar-Based Organic Amendments on the Structure of Soil Bacterial Community and Yield of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) |
| title_full | The Effect of Biochar-Based Organic Amendments on the Structure of Soil Bacterial Community and Yield of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Biochar-Based Organic Amendments on the Structure of Soil Bacterial Community and Yield of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Biochar-Based Organic Amendments on the Structure of Soil Bacterial Community and Yield of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) |
| title_short | The Effect of Biochar-Based Organic Amendments on the Structure of Soil Bacterial Community and Yield of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) |
| title_sort | effect of biochar based organic amendments on the structure of soil bacterial community and yield of maize i zea mays i l |
| topic | biofertiliser bacterial biodiversity biochemical index of fertility crop yield |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/7/1286 |
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