Self-(in)compatibility in apricot germplasm is controlled by two major loci, S and M
Abstract Background Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) exhibits a gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system and it is mostly considered as a self-incompatible species though numerous self-compatible exceptions occur. These are mainly linked to the mutated S C-haplotype carrying an insertion in the S...
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| Format: | Article |
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BMC
2017-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12870-017-1027-1 |
| _version_ | 1819099172896243712 |
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| author | Juan Vicente Muñoz-Sanz Elena Zuriaga Inmaculada López María L. Badenes Carlos Romero |
| author_facet | Juan Vicente Muñoz-Sanz Elena Zuriaga Inmaculada López María L. Badenes Carlos Romero |
| author_sort | Juan Vicente Muñoz-Sanz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) exhibits a gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system and it is mostly considered as a self-incompatible species though numerous self-compatible exceptions occur. These are mainly linked to the mutated S C-haplotype carrying an insertion in the S-locus F-box gene that leads to a truncated protein. However, two S-locus unlinked pollen-part mutations (PPMs) termed m and m’ have also been reported to confer self-compatibility (SC) in the apricot cultivars ‘Canino’ and ‘Katy’, respectively. This work was aimed to explore whether other additional mutations might explain SC in apricot as well. Results A set of 67 cultivars/accessions with different geographic origins were analyzed by PCR-screening of the S- and M-loci genotypes, contrasting results with the available phenotype data. Up to 20 S-alleles, including 3 new ones, were detected and sequence analysis revealed interesting synonymies and homonymies in particular with S-alleles found in Chinese cultivars. Haplotype analysis performed by genotyping and determining linkage-phases of 7 SSR markers, showed that the m and m’ PPMs are linked to the same m 0−haplotype. Results indicate that m 0-haplotype is tightly associated with SC in apricot germplasm being quite frequent in Europe and North-America. However, its prevalence is lower than that for S C in terms of frequency and geographic distribution. Structures of 34 additional M-haplotypes were inferred and analyzed to depict phylogenetic relationships and M 1–2 was found to be the closest haplotype to m 0. Genotyping results showed that four cultivars classified as self-compatible do not have neither the S C- nor the m 0-haplotype. Conclusions According to apricot germplasm S-genotyping, a loss of genetic diversity affecting the S-locus has been produced probably due to crop dissemination. Genotyping and phenotyping data support that self-(in)compatibility in apricot relies mainly on the S- but also on the M-locus. Regarding this latter, we have shown that the m 0-haplotype associated with SC is shared by ‘Canino’, ‘Katy’ and many other cultivars. Its origin is still unknown but phylogenetic analysis supports that m 0 arose later in time than S C from a widely distributed M-haplotype. Lastly, other mutants putatively carrying new mutations conferring SC have also been identified deserving future research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T00:42:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-320e7e0bd976491d923ae72b7499f212 |
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| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T00:42:40Z |
| publishDate | 2017-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-320e7e0bd976491d923ae72b7499f2122022-12-21T18:44:38ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292017-04-0117111610.1186/s12870-017-1027-1Self-(in)compatibility in apricot germplasm is controlled by two major loci, S and MJuan Vicente Muñoz-Sanz0Elena Zuriaga1Inmaculada López2María L. Badenes3Carlos Romero4Fruit Tree Breeding Department, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), CV-315Fruit Tree Breeding Department, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), CV-315Fruit Tree Breeding Department, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), CV-315Fruit Tree Breeding Department, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), CV-315Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasAbstract Background Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) exhibits a gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system and it is mostly considered as a self-incompatible species though numerous self-compatible exceptions occur. These are mainly linked to the mutated S C-haplotype carrying an insertion in the S-locus F-box gene that leads to a truncated protein. However, two S-locus unlinked pollen-part mutations (PPMs) termed m and m’ have also been reported to confer self-compatibility (SC) in the apricot cultivars ‘Canino’ and ‘Katy’, respectively. This work was aimed to explore whether other additional mutations might explain SC in apricot as well. Results A set of 67 cultivars/accessions with different geographic origins were analyzed by PCR-screening of the S- and M-loci genotypes, contrasting results with the available phenotype data. Up to 20 S-alleles, including 3 new ones, were detected and sequence analysis revealed interesting synonymies and homonymies in particular with S-alleles found in Chinese cultivars. Haplotype analysis performed by genotyping and determining linkage-phases of 7 SSR markers, showed that the m and m’ PPMs are linked to the same m 0−haplotype. Results indicate that m 0-haplotype is tightly associated with SC in apricot germplasm being quite frequent in Europe and North-America. However, its prevalence is lower than that for S C in terms of frequency and geographic distribution. Structures of 34 additional M-haplotypes were inferred and analyzed to depict phylogenetic relationships and M 1–2 was found to be the closest haplotype to m 0. Genotyping results showed that four cultivars classified as self-compatible do not have neither the S C- nor the m 0-haplotype. Conclusions According to apricot germplasm S-genotyping, a loss of genetic diversity affecting the S-locus has been produced probably due to crop dissemination. Genotyping and phenotyping data support that self-(in)compatibility in apricot relies mainly on the S- but also on the M-locus. Regarding this latter, we have shown that the m 0-haplotype associated with SC is shared by ‘Canino’, ‘Katy’ and many other cultivars. Its origin is still unknown but phylogenetic analysis supports that m 0 arose later in time than S C from a widely distributed M-haplotype. Lastly, other mutants putatively carrying new mutations conferring SC have also been identified deserving future research.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12870-017-1027-1ApricotPrunusSelf-(in)compatibilityS-locusS-allelesModifiers |
| spellingShingle | Juan Vicente Muñoz-Sanz Elena Zuriaga Inmaculada López María L. Badenes Carlos Romero Self-(in)compatibility in apricot germplasm is controlled by two major loci, S and M BMC Plant Biology Apricot Prunus Self-(in)compatibility S-locus S-alleles Modifiers |
| title | Self-(in)compatibility in apricot germplasm is controlled by two major loci, S and M |
| title_full | Self-(in)compatibility in apricot germplasm is controlled by two major loci, S and M |
| title_fullStr | Self-(in)compatibility in apricot germplasm is controlled by two major loci, S and M |
| title_full_unstemmed | Self-(in)compatibility in apricot germplasm is controlled by two major loci, S and M |
| title_short | Self-(in)compatibility in apricot germplasm is controlled by two major loci, S and M |
| title_sort | self in compatibility in apricot germplasm is controlled by two major loci s and m |
| topic | Apricot Prunus Self-(in)compatibility S-locus S-alleles Modifiers |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12870-017-1027-1 |
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