<i>Momordica charantia</i> Suppresses Inflammation and Glycolysis in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages
Macrophage activation is a key event that triggers inflammatory response. The activation is accompanied by metabolic shift such as upregulated glucose metabolism. There are accumulating evidences showing the anti-inflammatory activity of <i>Momordica charantia</i>. However, the effects o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/17/3783 |
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| author | Shi Yan Lee Won Fen Wong Jiyang Dong Kian-Kai Cheng |
| author_facet | Shi Yan Lee Won Fen Wong Jiyang Dong Kian-Kai Cheng |
| author_sort | Shi Yan Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Macrophage activation is a key event that triggers inflammatory response. The activation is accompanied by metabolic shift such as upregulated glucose metabolism. There are accumulating evidences showing the anti-inflammatory activity of <i>Momordica charantia</i>. However, the effects of <i>M. charantia</i> on inflammatory response and glucose metabolism in activated macrophages have not been fully established. The present study aimed to examine the effect of <i>M. charantia</i> in modulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and perturbed glucose metabolism in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. The results showed that LPS-induced NF-κB (p65) nuclear translocation was inhibited by <i>M. charantia</i> treatment. In addition, <i>M. charantia</i> was found to reduce the expression of inflammatory genes including <i>IL6</i>, <i>TNF-</i>α, <i>IL1</i>β, <i>COX2</i>, <i>iNOS</i>, and <i>IL10</i> in LPS-treated macrophages. Furthermore, the data showed that <i>M. charantia</i> reduced the expression of <i>GLUT1</i> and <i>HK2</i> genes and lactate production (−28%), resulting in suppression of glycolysis. Notably, its effect on <i>GLUT1</i> gene expression was found to be independent of LPS-induced inflammation. A further experiment also indicated that the bioactivities of <i>M. charantia</i> may be attributed to its key bioactive compound, charantin. Taken together, the study provided supporting evidences showing the potential of <i>M. charantia</i> for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:08:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-321f8bd22a554980902cd8cf7f69699a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:08:34Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-321f8bd22a554980902cd8cf7f69699a2023-11-20T10:42:43ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-08-012517378310.3390/molecules25173783<i>Momordica charantia</i> Suppresses Inflammation and Glycolysis in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 MacrophagesShi Yan Lee0Won Fen Wong1Jiyang Dong2Kian-Kai Cheng3Innovation Centre in Agritechnology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Pagoh 84600, Johor, MalaysiaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, ChinaInnovation Centre in Agritechnology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Pagoh 84600, Johor, MalaysiaMacrophage activation is a key event that triggers inflammatory response. The activation is accompanied by metabolic shift such as upregulated glucose metabolism. There are accumulating evidences showing the anti-inflammatory activity of <i>Momordica charantia</i>. However, the effects of <i>M. charantia</i> on inflammatory response and glucose metabolism in activated macrophages have not been fully established. The present study aimed to examine the effect of <i>M. charantia</i> in modulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and perturbed glucose metabolism in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. The results showed that LPS-induced NF-κB (p65) nuclear translocation was inhibited by <i>M. charantia</i> treatment. In addition, <i>M. charantia</i> was found to reduce the expression of inflammatory genes including <i>IL6</i>, <i>TNF-</i>α, <i>IL1</i>β, <i>COX2</i>, <i>iNOS</i>, and <i>IL10</i> in LPS-treated macrophages. Furthermore, the data showed that <i>M. charantia</i> reduced the expression of <i>GLUT1</i> and <i>HK2</i> genes and lactate production (−28%), resulting in suppression of glycolysis. Notably, its effect on <i>GLUT1</i> gene expression was found to be independent of LPS-induced inflammation. A further experiment also indicated that the bioactivities of <i>M. charantia</i> may be attributed to its key bioactive compound, charantin. Taken together, the study provided supporting evidences showing the potential of <i>M. charantia</i> for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/17/3783bitter gourdcharantinmacrophageNF-κB translocationinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Shi Yan Lee Won Fen Wong Jiyang Dong Kian-Kai Cheng <i>Momordica charantia</i> Suppresses Inflammation and Glycolysis in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages Molecules bitter gourd charantin macrophage NF-κB translocation inflammation |
| title | <i>Momordica charantia</i> Suppresses Inflammation and Glycolysis in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages |
| title_full | <i>Momordica charantia</i> Suppresses Inflammation and Glycolysis in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages |
| title_fullStr | <i>Momordica charantia</i> Suppresses Inflammation and Glycolysis in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Momordica charantia</i> Suppresses Inflammation and Glycolysis in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages |
| title_short | <i>Momordica charantia</i> Suppresses Inflammation and Glycolysis in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages |
| title_sort | i momordica charantia i suppresses inflammation and glycolysis in lipopolysaccharide activated raw264 7 macrophages |
| topic | bitter gourd charantin macrophage NF-κB translocation inflammation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/17/3783 |
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