New Fossil Xyelidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Mesozoic of Northeastern China
One new genus and species, <i>Leptoxyela eximia</i> gen. et sp. nov., and one new species, <i>Scleroxyela cephalota</i> sp. nov., are described and illustrated based on two well-preserved compression fossils from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation and the Middle Jurassic J...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/4/383 |
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| author | Liyang Dai Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn Chungkun Shih Mei Wang Dong Ren |
| author_facet | Liyang Dai Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn Chungkun Shih Mei Wang Dong Ren |
| author_sort | Liyang Dai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One new genus and species, <i>Leptoxyela eximia</i> gen. et sp. nov., and one new species, <i>Scleroxyela cephalota</i> sp. nov., are described and illustrated based on two well-preserved compression fossils from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation and the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of China, respectively. <i>Leptoxyela eximia</i> gen. et sp. nov. is placed in the tribe Angaridyelini, 1966 and <i>Scleroxyela cephalota</i> sp. nov. in the tribe Xyeleciini Benson, 1945; while both tribes are in the subfamily Macroxyelinae Ashmead, 1898 of Xyelidae. A key to the genera of Angaridyelini is provided. In addition, we investigated various angles between Rs+M and 1-Rs for known fossil species of Macroxyelinae, and we found the angle and the length of 1-Rs are correlated; however, we could not see any correlation between the angles and the fossil ages even within a tribe. Furthermore, based on Sc<sub>2</sub> connected to R before Rs, the angle between Rs+M and 1-Rs, and the length of the first flagellomere, we believe that the tribe Ceroxyelini may have only one genus of <i>Ceroxyela</i>, and suggest that <i>Isoxyela</i> and <i>Sinoxyela</i> should be transferred to Gigantoxyelini. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:32:49Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:32:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-322fb1c252ab4b678014dfcabaffcff02023-12-01T21:06:00ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502022-04-0113438310.3390/insects13040383New Fossil Xyelidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Mesozoic of Northeastern ChinaLiyang Dai0Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn1Chungkun Shih2Mei Wang3Dong Ren4College of Life Sciences and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, ChinaPaleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123 Profsoyuznaya ul., 117647 Moscow, RussiaCollege of Life Sciences and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Nature Conservation, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, ChinaOne new genus and species, <i>Leptoxyela eximia</i> gen. et sp. nov., and one new species, <i>Scleroxyela cephalota</i> sp. nov., are described and illustrated based on two well-preserved compression fossils from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation and the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of China, respectively. <i>Leptoxyela eximia</i> gen. et sp. nov. is placed in the tribe Angaridyelini, 1966 and <i>Scleroxyela cephalota</i> sp. nov. in the tribe Xyeleciini Benson, 1945; while both tribes are in the subfamily Macroxyelinae Ashmead, 1898 of Xyelidae. A key to the genera of Angaridyelini is provided. In addition, we investigated various angles between Rs+M and 1-Rs for known fossil species of Macroxyelinae, and we found the angle and the length of 1-Rs are correlated; however, we could not see any correlation between the angles and the fossil ages even within a tribe. Furthermore, based on Sc<sub>2</sub> connected to R before Rs, the angle between Rs+M and 1-Rs, and the length of the first flagellomere, we believe that the tribe Ceroxyelini may have only one genus of <i>Ceroxyela</i>, and suggest that <i>Isoxyela</i> and <i>Sinoxyela</i> should be transferred to Gigantoxyelini.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/4/383XyelidaeMacroxyelinaefossil insectsnew speciesChina |
| spellingShingle | Liyang Dai Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn Chungkun Shih Mei Wang Dong Ren New Fossil Xyelidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Mesozoic of Northeastern China Insects Xyelidae Macroxyelinae fossil insects new species China |
| title | New Fossil Xyelidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Mesozoic of Northeastern China |
| title_full | New Fossil Xyelidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Mesozoic of Northeastern China |
| title_fullStr | New Fossil Xyelidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Mesozoic of Northeastern China |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Fossil Xyelidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Mesozoic of Northeastern China |
| title_short | New Fossil Xyelidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Mesozoic of Northeastern China |
| title_sort | new fossil xyelidae hymenoptera symphyta from the mesozoic of northeastern china |
| topic | Xyelidae Macroxyelinae fossil insects new species China |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/4/383 |
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