The Role of Exportin-5 in MicroRNA Biogenesis and Cancer
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and participate in a variety of biological processes. The biogenesis of miRNAs is tightly controlled at multiple steps, such as transcription of miRNA genes, processing by Drosha a...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1672022918300433 |
| _version_ | 1797332029675667456 |
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| author | Ke Wu Juan He Wenchen Pu Yong Peng |
| author_facet | Ke Wu Juan He Wenchen Pu Yong Peng |
| author_sort | Ke Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and participate in a variety of biological processes. The biogenesis of miRNAs is tightly controlled at multiple steps, such as transcription of miRNA genes, processing by Drosha and Dicer, and transportation of precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm by exportin-5 (XPO5). Given the critical role of nuclear export of pre-miRNAs in miRNA biogenesis, any alterations of XPO5, resulting from either genetic mutation, epigenetic change, abnormal expression level or posttranslational modification, could affect miRNA expression and thus have profound effects on tumorigenesis. Importantly, XPO5 phosphorylation by ERK kinase and its cis/trans isomerization by the prolyl isomerase Pin1 impair XPO5′s nucleo-to-cytoplasmic transport ability of pre-miRNAs, leading to downregulation of mature miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we focus on how XPO5 transports pre-miRNAs in the cells and summarize the dysregulation of XPO5 in human tumors. Keywords: Exportin-5, MicroRNA, Biogenesis, Dysregulation, Cancer |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T07:43:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3234bfe45a9846ceadca4052ddc86a07 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1672-0229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T07:43:46Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics |
| spelling | doaj.art-3234bfe45a9846ceadca4052ddc86a072024-02-02T16:40:14ZengElsevierGenomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics1672-02292018-04-01162120126The Role of Exportin-5 in MicroRNA Biogenesis and CancerKe Wu0Juan He1Wenchen Pu2Yong Peng3Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCorresponding author.; Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and participate in a variety of biological processes. The biogenesis of miRNAs is tightly controlled at multiple steps, such as transcription of miRNA genes, processing by Drosha and Dicer, and transportation of precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm by exportin-5 (XPO5). Given the critical role of nuclear export of pre-miRNAs in miRNA biogenesis, any alterations of XPO5, resulting from either genetic mutation, epigenetic change, abnormal expression level or posttranslational modification, could affect miRNA expression and thus have profound effects on tumorigenesis. Importantly, XPO5 phosphorylation by ERK kinase and its cis/trans isomerization by the prolyl isomerase Pin1 impair XPO5′s nucleo-to-cytoplasmic transport ability of pre-miRNAs, leading to downregulation of mature miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we focus on how XPO5 transports pre-miRNAs in the cells and summarize the dysregulation of XPO5 in human tumors. Keywords: Exportin-5, MicroRNA, Biogenesis, Dysregulation, Cancerhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1672022918300433 |
| spellingShingle | Ke Wu Juan He Wenchen Pu Yong Peng The Role of Exportin-5 in MicroRNA Biogenesis and Cancer Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics |
| title | The Role of Exportin-5 in MicroRNA Biogenesis and Cancer |
| title_full | The Role of Exportin-5 in MicroRNA Biogenesis and Cancer |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Exportin-5 in MicroRNA Biogenesis and Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Exportin-5 in MicroRNA Biogenesis and Cancer |
| title_short | The Role of Exportin-5 in MicroRNA Biogenesis and Cancer |
| title_sort | role of exportin 5 in microrna biogenesis and cancer |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1672022918300433 |
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