Case Series of Disseminated Xanthogranulomatosis in Red-crowned Parakeets (<i>Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae</i>) with Detection of Psittacine Adenovirus 2 (PsAdV-2)
Xanthogranulomatosis is a common dermatological disease in birds. This form of inflammation, possibly associated with lipometabolic disorders, can also be seen in visceral organs, which as yet has only rarely been described in avian medicine. In general, diseases related to impaired lipid metabolism...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/18/2316 |
| _version_ | 1827664251670495232 |
|---|---|
| author | Cornelia Konicek Kristin Heenemann Kerstin Cramer Thomas W. Vahlenkamp Volker Schmidt |
| author_facet | Cornelia Konicek Kristin Heenemann Kerstin Cramer Thomas W. Vahlenkamp Volker Schmidt |
| author_sort | Cornelia Konicek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Xanthogranulomatosis is a common dermatological disease in birds. This form of inflammation, possibly associated with lipometabolic disorders, can also be seen in visceral organs, which as yet has only rarely been described in avian medicine. In general, diseases related to impaired lipid metabolism are frequently reported in avian medicine, with hepatic steatosis and atherosclerosis being the most common. In human medicine, infectious agents—especially some strains of adenovirus—were implicated in contributing to lipometabolic disorders; this has also been described for chicken. Here, a case series of six Red-crowned Parakeets (<i>Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae</i>) is presented, all cases being characterized by psittacine adenovirus 2 (PsAdV-2) infection with or without disseminated xanthogranulomatosis. The affected individuals were examined alive by clinical examination. Total body radiographs were taken of two birds, haematology and blood biochemistry results were achieved in one bird. The birds either died immediately after clinical presentation or within two days, two individuals were euthanized due to worsening of their clinical condition. All birds underwent a post-mortem examination. While four birds were finally diagnosed with disseminated xanthogranulomatosis, all six individuals had large eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the epithelial cells of the collecting ducts of the kidney and tested positive for PsAdV-2. Further examinations are needed to clarify to what extent PsAdV-2 might elicit lipometabolic disease in birds, or psittacines in general, and, in particular, the Red-crowned Parakeet. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:57:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-323a6653f8e74a4f836e8d738d850c12 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:57:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-323a6653f8e74a4f836e8d738d850c122023-11-23T14:40:57ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-09-011218231610.3390/ani12182316Case Series of Disseminated Xanthogranulomatosis in Red-crowned Parakeets (<i>Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae</i>) with Detection of Psittacine Adenovirus 2 (PsAdV-2)Cornelia Konicek0Kristin Heenemann1Kerstin Cramer2Thomas W. Vahlenkamp3Volker Schmidt4Service for Birds and Reptiles, Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Wien, AustriaInstitute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyClinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 17, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyInstitute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyClinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 17, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyXanthogranulomatosis is a common dermatological disease in birds. This form of inflammation, possibly associated with lipometabolic disorders, can also be seen in visceral organs, which as yet has only rarely been described in avian medicine. In general, diseases related to impaired lipid metabolism are frequently reported in avian medicine, with hepatic steatosis and atherosclerosis being the most common. In human medicine, infectious agents—especially some strains of adenovirus—were implicated in contributing to lipometabolic disorders; this has also been described for chicken. Here, a case series of six Red-crowned Parakeets (<i>Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae</i>) is presented, all cases being characterized by psittacine adenovirus 2 (PsAdV-2) infection with or without disseminated xanthogranulomatosis. The affected individuals were examined alive by clinical examination. Total body radiographs were taken of two birds, haematology and blood biochemistry results were achieved in one bird. The birds either died immediately after clinical presentation or within two days, two individuals were euthanized due to worsening of their clinical condition. All birds underwent a post-mortem examination. While four birds were finally diagnosed with disseminated xanthogranulomatosis, all six individuals had large eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the epithelial cells of the collecting ducts of the kidney and tested positive for PsAdV-2. Further examinations are needed to clarify to what extent PsAdV-2 might elicit lipometabolic disease in birds, or psittacines in general, and, in particular, the Red-crowned Parakeet.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/18/2316psittaciformessiadenovirusPsAdV-2lipometabolic disorderxanthomaparakeet |
| spellingShingle | Cornelia Konicek Kristin Heenemann Kerstin Cramer Thomas W. Vahlenkamp Volker Schmidt Case Series of Disseminated Xanthogranulomatosis in Red-crowned Parakeets (<i>Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae</i>) with Detection of Psittacine Adenovirus 2 (PsAdV-2) Animals psittaciformes siadenovirus PsAdV-2 lipometabolic disorder xanthoma parakeet |
| title | Case Series of Disseminated Xanthogranulomatosis in Red-crowned Parakeets (<i>Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae</i>) with Detection of Psittacine Adenovirus 2 (PsAdV-2) |
| title_full | Case Series of Disseminated Xanthogranulomatosis in Red-crowned Parakeets (<i>Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae</i>) with Detection of Psittacine Adenovirus 2 (PsAdV-2) |
| title_fullStr | Case Series of Disseminated Xanthogranulomatosis in Red-crowned Parakeets (<i>Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae</i>) with Detection of Psittacine Adenovirus 2 (PsAdV-2) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Case Series of Disseminated Xanthogranulomatosis in Red-crowned Parakeets (<i>Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae</i>) with Detection of Psittacine Adenovirus 2 (PsAdV-2) |
| title_short | Case Series of Disseminated Xanthogranulomatosis in Red-crowned Parakeets (<i>Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae</i>) with Detection of Psittacine Adenovirus 2 (PsAdV-2) |
| title_sort | case series of disseminated xanthogranulomatosis in red crowned parakeets i cyanoramphus novaezelandiae i with detection of psittacine adenovirus 2 psadv 2 |
| topic | psittaciformes siadenovirus PsAdV-2 lipometabolic disorder xanthoma parakeet |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/18/2316 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT corneliakonicek caseseriesofdisseminatedxanthogranulomatosisinredcrownedparakeetsicyanoramphusnovaezelandiaeiwithdetectionofpsittacineadenovirus2psadv2 AT kristinheenemann caseseriesofdisseminatedxanthogranulomatosisinredcrownedparakeetsicyanoramphusnovaezelandiaeiwithdetectionofpsittacineadenovirus2psadv2 AT kerstincramer caseseriesofdisseminatedxanthogranulomatosisinredcrownedparakeetsicyanoramphusnovaezelandiaeiwithdetectionofpsittacineadenovirus2psadv2 AT thomaswvahlenkamp caseseriesofdisseminatedxanthogranulomatosisinredcrownedparakeetsicyanoramphusnovaezelandiaeiwithdetectionofpsittacineadenovirus2psadv2 AT volkerschmidt caseseriesofdisseminatedxanthogranulomatosisinredcrownedparakeetsicyanoramphusnovaezelandiaeiwithdetectionofpsittacineadenovirus2psadv2 |