Simulation of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines Considering Polarity Effect Based on an Improved Stochastic Lightning Model
The accurate determination of the annual lightning flash number to a wind turbine is essential for designing proper lightning protection measures. However, the method to assess the lightning risk of wind turbines recommended by the IEC is not associated with the actual lightning attachment process....
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/1/108 |
| _version_ | 1797446270202150912 |
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| author | Xiaoyan Bian Yong Wu Qibin Zhou Ruijiao Jiang Yao Zhang Lyuwen Chen Qi Qi Weitao Lyu |
| author_facet | Xiaoyan Bian Yong Wu Qibin Zhou Ruijiao Jiang Yao Zhang Lyuwen Chen Qi Qi Weitao Lyu |
| author_sort | Xiaoyan Bian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The accurate determination of the annual lightning flash number to a wind turbine is essential for designing proper lightning protection measures. However, the method to assess the lightning risk of wind turbines recommended by the IEC is not associated with the actual lightning attachment process. Additionally, there is little research on positive cloud-to-ground (+CG) lightning. In this study, a lightning risk assessment method correlated with wind turbines on the basis of an improved stochastic lightning model is proposed. Based on the model, the influence of the lightning current amplitude, wind turbine heights and blade rotations on lightning strike risk are quantitatively analyzed. Moreover, the development and distribution characteristics of negative cloud-to-ground (−CG) lightning and +CG lightning are discussed. Finally, a more accurate calculation method of lightning strike risk is proposed considering the polarity effect. The results show that the effect of blade rotations on lightning risk cannot be ignored when the lightning current is large or when the wind turbine is tall. The −CG lightning has more bifurcation, but the dispersity of its development path and the lightning strike point are both small. The +CG lightning has scattered lightning strike points, and the development paths are tortuous, and. According to the verification calculation, the results calculated in this paper are in better agreement with the observation data than the results calculated by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) recommended method. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:37:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3261ab34eb894840b79711c3e8921585 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:37:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-3261ab34eb894840b79711c3e89215852023-11-30T21:09:30ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332023-01-0114110810.3390/atmos14010108Simulation of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines Considering Polarity Effect Based on an Improved Stochastic Lightning ModelXiaoyan Bian0Yong Wu1Qibin Zhou2Ruijiao Jiang3Yao Zhang4Lyuwen Chen5Qi Qi6Weitao Lyu7School of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, ChinaSchool of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, ChinaInstitute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Guangzhou 510641, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaThe accurate determination of the annual lightning flash number to a wind turbine is essential for designing proper lightning protection measures. However, the method to assess the lightning risk of wind turbines recommended by the IEC is not associated with the actual lightning attachment process. Additionally, there is little research on positive cloud-to-ground (+CG) lightning. In this study, a lightning risk assessment method correlated with wind turbines on the basis of an improved stochastic lightning model is proposed. Based on the model, the influence of the lightning current amplitude, wind turbine heights and blade rotations on lightning strike risk are quantitatively analyzed. Moreover, the development and distribution characteristics of negative cloud-to-ground (−CG) lightning and +CG lightning are discussed. Finally, a more accurate calculation method of lightning strike risk is proposed considering the polarity effect. The results show that the effect of blade rotations on lightning risk cannot be ignored when the lightning current is large or when the wind turbine is tall. The −CG lightning has more bifurcation, but the dispersity of its development path and the lightning strike point are both small. The +CG lightning has scattered lightning strike points, and the development paths are tortuous, and. According to the verification calculation, the results calculated in this paper are in better agreement with the observation data than the results calculated by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) recommended method.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/1/108wind turbinestochasticpolarity effectlightning risk |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoyan Bian Yong Wu Qibin Zhou Ruijiao Jiang Yao Zhang Lyuwen Chen Qi Qi Weitao Lyu Simulation of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines Considering Polarity Effect Based on an Improved Stochastic Lightning Model Atmosphere wind turbine stochastic polarity effect lightning risk |
| title | Simulation of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines Considering Polarity Effect Based on an Improved Stochastic Lightning Model |
| title_full | Simulation of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines Considering Polarity Effect Based on an Improved Stochastic Lightning Model |
| title_fullStr | Simulation of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines Considering Polarity Effect Based on an Improved Stochastic Lightning Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simulation of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines Considering Polarity Effect Based on an Improved Stochastic Lightning Model |
| title_short | Simulation of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines Considering Polarity Effect Based on an Improved Stochastic Lightning Model |
| title_sort | simulation of cloud to ground lightning strikes to wind turbines considering polarity effect based on an improved stochastic lightning model |
| topic | wind turbine stochastic polarity effect lightning risk |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/1/108 |
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