Pneumococcal Disease: Global Disease Prevention Strategies with a Focus on the Challenges in Iraq
Ali Al-Jumaili,1 Haider N Dawood,2 Delan Ikram,3 Ali Al-Jabban3 1Pediatric Department, Central Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq; 2Internal Medicine Department, Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimin Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq; 3Medical Department, Pfizer, Baghdad, IraqCorrespondence: Delan Ikram, Medical...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2023-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of General Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/pneumococcal-disease-global-disease-prevention-strategies-with-a-focus-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJGM |
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| author | Al-Jumaili A Dawood HN Ikram D Al-Jabban A |
| author_facet | Al-Jumaili A Dawood HN Ikram D Al-Jabban A |
| author_sort | Al-Jumaili A |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ali Al-Jumaili,1 Haider N Dawood,2 Delan Ikram,3 Ali Al-Jabban3 1Pediatric Department, Central Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq; 2Internal Medicine Department, Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimin Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq; 3Medical Department, Pfizer, Baghdad, IraqCorrespondence: Delan Ikram, Medical Department, Pfizer, Baghdad, Iraq, Email delan.ikram@pfizer.comAbstract: Pneumococcal disease is a global public health concern that significantly contributes to clinical disease burden and economic burden. Patients frequently afflicted are young children and older adults, as well as the immunocompromised population. Immunization is the most effective public health strategy to combat pneumococcal disease and several vaccine formulations have been developed in this regard. Although vaccines have had a significant global impact in reducing pneumococcal disease, there are several barriers to its success in Iraq. The war and conflict situation, increasing economic crises and poverty, poor vaccine accessibility in the public sector, and high vaccine costs are a few of the major obstacles that impede a successful immunization program. The last reported third dose pneumococcal conjugate vaccine coverage for Iraq was 37% in 2019, which is expected to reduce even further owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, strategies and policies to improve pneumococcal vaccine availability and coverage need to be strengthened to achieve maximum benefits of immunization. In the current review, we provide an overview of the existing knowledge on pneumococcal disease-prevention strategies across the globe. The main aim of this manuscript is to discuss the current status and challenges of pneumococcal vaccination in Iraq as well as the strategies to prevent pneumococcal infections.Keywords: pneumococcal disease, Streptococcus pneumoniae, pneumococcal pneumonia, pneumococcal vaccines, pneumococcal disease-prevention strategies, Iraq |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:36:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-326d33900e9a46bf90dd62fbc44b7e3d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7074 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:36:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of General Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-326d33900e9a46bf90dd62fbc44b7e3d2023-05-30T19:13:35ZengDove Medical PressInternational Journal of General Medicine1178-70742023-05-01Volume 162095211084022Pneumococcal Disease: Global Disease Prevention Strategies with a Focus on the Challenges in IraqAl-Jumaili ADawood HNIkram DAl-Jabban AAli Al-Jumaili,1 Haider N Dawood,2 Delan Ikram,3 Ali Al-Jabban3 1Pediatric Department, Central Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq; 2Internal Medicine Department, Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimin Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq; 3Medical Department, Pfizer, Baghdad, IraqCorrespondence: Delan Ikram, Medical Department, Pfizer, Baghdad, Iraq, Email delan.ikram@pfizer.comAbstract: Pneumococcal disease is a global public health concern that significantly contributes to clinical disease burden and economic burden. Patients frequently afflicted are young children and older adults, as well as the immunocompromised population. Immunization is the most effective public health strategy to combat pneumococcal disease and several vaccine formulations have been developed in this regard. Although vaccines have had a significant global impact in reducing pneumococcal disease, there are several barriers to its success in Iraq. The war and conflict situation, increasing economic crises and poverty, poor vaccine accessibility in the public sector, and high vaccine costs are a few of the major obstacles that impede a successful immunization program. The last reported third dose pneumococcal conjugate vaccine coverage for Iraq was 37% in 2019, which is expected to reduce even further owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, strategies and policies to improve pneumococcal vaccine availability and coverage need to be strengthened to achieve maximum benefits of immunization. In the current review, we provide an overview of the existing knowledge on pneumococcal disease-prevention strategies across the globe. The main aim of this manuscript is to discuss the current status and challenges of pneumococcal vaccination in Iraq as well as the strategies to prevent pneumococcal infections.Keywords: pneumococcal disease, Streptococcus pneumoniae, pneumococcal pneumonia, pneumococcal vaccines, pneumococcal disease-prevention strategies, Iraqhttps://www.dovepress.com/pneumococcal-disease-global-disease-prevention-strategies-with-a-focus-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJGMpneumococcal diseasestreptococcus pneumoniaepneumococcal pneumoniapneumococcal vaccinespneumococcal disease-prevention strategiesiraq |
| spellingShingle | Al-Jumaili A Dawood HN Ikram D Al-Jabban A Pneumococcal Disease: Global Disease Prevention Strategies with a Focus on the Challenges in Iraq International Journal of General Medicine pneumococcal disease streptococcus pneumoniae pneumococcal pneumonia pneumococcal vaccines pneumococcal disease-prevention strategies iraq |
| title | Pneumococcal Disease: Global Disease Prevention Strategies with a Focus on the Challenges in Iraq |
| title_full | Pneumococcal Disease: Global Disease Prevention Strategies with a Focus on the Challenges in Iraq |
| title_fullStr | Pneumococcal Disease: Global Disease Prevention Strategies with a Focus on the Challenges in Iraq |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pneumococcal Disease: Global Disease Prevention Strategies with a Focus on the Challenges in Iraq |
| title_short | Pneumococcal Disease: Global Disease Prevention Strategies with a Focus on the Challenges in Iraq |
| title_sort | pneumococcal disease global disease prevention strategies with a focus on the challenges in iraq |
| topic | pneumococcal disease streptococcus pneumoniae pneumococcal pneumonia pneumococcal vaccines pneumococcal disease-prevention strategies iraq |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/pneumococcal-disease-global-disease-prevention-strategies-with-a-focus-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJGM |
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