The Impact of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Imiquimod on GLUT1 in HaCaT Keratinocytes – a Potential Anti-Psoriatic Therapeutic Target?
Background/Aims: Glucose metabolism has been proven as an essential process for proliferating keratinocytes, which highlights the importance of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) not only in the onset of psoriasis but also in the progression and severity of this inflammation-driven disease. In this study...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cellphysiolbiochem.com/Articles/000615/index.html |
| _version_ | 1827977134250917888 |
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| author | Sebastian Makuch |
| author_facet | Sebastian Makuch |
| author_sort | Sebastian Makuch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background/Aims: Glucose metabolism has been proven as an essential process for proliferating keratinocytes, which highlights the importance of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) not only in the onset of psoriasis but also in the progression and severity of this inflammation-driven disease. In this study, we attempted to find a connection between proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, IL-36, TNF-α), a skin inflammation inducing agent – imiquimod (IMQ) and GLUT1 expression. Methods: Human keratinocyte HaCaT cell line was incubated with exogenous cytokines: IL-6, IL-17A, IL-23, IL-36, TNF-α at a final concentration of 100 ng/ml, or with 1 µM of IMQ, for 48 h. Following the stimulation, glucose uptake and GLUT1 expression were evaluated. The activity of GLUT1 was measured in the presence of a selective GLUT1 inhibitor, BAY-876. The expression of GLUT1 was examined by immunofluorescence and quantified by qPCR, Western blotting and densitometry. Results: The results from qPCR analysis showed that the administration of exogenous IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-36 to HaCaT cells resulted in upregulation of GLUT1-encoding SLC2A1 gene, while TNF-α had no significant effect. The same results were confirmed by immunofluorescence analysis, as the fluorescent intensity of GLUT1 was elevated following cytokine and IMQ stimulation. Western blot and densitometry showed that all examined cytokines, as well as IMQ, increased GLUT1 expression. HaCaT cells displayed an improved intracellular 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) uptake and GLUT1 activity after stimulation by exogenous cytokines and IMQ. The highest uptake of 2-DG was observed after IL-23 stimulation (1.93x) and the lowest after TNF-α stimulation (1.07x). BAY-876 inhibited the 2-DG uptake compared to control. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that cytokines and IMQ may play a key role in regulating GLUT1 expression in HaCaT cells. We believe that GLUT1 overexpression could potentially be utilized in the targeted treatment of psoriasis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T20:59:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3287b7de3e114265a7b7e49c2156428e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1015-8987 1421-9778 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T20:59:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-3287b7de3e114265a7b7e49c2156428e2023-03-29T10:04:19ZengCell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KGCellular Physiology and Biochemistry1015-89871421-97782023-03-01572546210.33594/000000615The Impact of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Imiquimod on GLUT1 in HaCaT Keratinocytes – a Potential Anti-Psoriatic Therapeutic Target?Sebastian Makuch0Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, PolandBackground/Aims: Glucose metabolism has been proven as an essential process for proliferating keratinocytes, which highlights the importance of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) not only in the onset of psoriasis but also in the progression and severity of this inflammation-driven disease. In this study, we attempted to find a connection between proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, IL-36, TNF-α), a skin inflammation inducing agent – imiquimod (IMQ) and GLUT1 expression. Methods: Human keratinocyte HaCaT cell line was incubated with exogenous cytokines: IL-6, IL-17A, IL-23, IL-36, TNF-α at a final concentration of 100 ng/ml, or with 1 µM of IMQ, for 48 h. Following the stimulation, glucose uptake and GLUT1 expression were evaluated. The activity of GLUT1 was measured in the presence of a selective GLUT1 inhibitor, BAY-876. The expression of GLUT1 was examined by immunofluorescence and quantified by qPCR, Western blotting and densitometry. Results: The results from qPCR analysis showed that the administration of exogenous IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-36 to HaCaT cells resulted in upregulation of GLUT1-encoding SLC2A1 gene, while TNF-α had no significant effect. The same results were confirmed by immunofluorescence analysis, as the fluorescent intensity of GLUT1 was elevated following cytokine and IMQ stimulation. Western blot and densitometry showed that all examined cytokines, as well as IMQ, increased GLUT1 expression. HaCaT cells displayed an improved intracellular 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) uptake and GLUT1 activity after stimulation by exogenous cytokines and IMQ. The highest uptake of 2-DG was observed after IL-23 stimulation (1.93x) and the lowest after TNF-α stimulation (1.07x). BAY-876 inhibited the 2-DG uptake compared to control. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that cytokines and IMQ may play a key role in regulating GLUT1 expression in HaCaT cells. We believe that GLUT1 overexpression could potentially be utilized in the targeted treatment of psoriasis. https://www.cellphysiolbiochem.com/Articles/000615/index.htmlpsoriasiscytokinesglucose transportersglut1inflammation |
| spellingShingle | Sebastian Makuch The Impact of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Imiquimod on GLUT1 in HaCaT Keratinocytes – a Potential Anti-Psoriatic Therapeutic Target? Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry psoriasis cytokines glucose transporters glut1 inflammation |
| title | The Impact of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Imiquimod on GLUT1 in HaCaT Keratinocytes – a Potential Anti-Psoriatic Therapeutic Target? |
| title_full | The Impact of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Imiquimod on GLUT1 in HaCaT Keratinocytes – a Potential Anti-Psoriatic Therapeutic Target? |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Imiquimod on GLUT1 in HaCaT Keratinocytes – a Potential Anti-Psoriatic Therapeutic Target? |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Imiquimod on GLUT1 in HaCaT Keratinocytes – a Potential Anti-Psoriatic Therapeutic Target? |
| title_short | The Impact of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Imiquimod on GLUT1 in HaCaT Keratinocytes – a Potential Anti-Psoriatic Therapeutic Target? |
| title_sort | impact of proinflammatory cytokines and imiquimod on glut1 in hacat keratinocytes a potential anti psoriatic therapeutic target |
| topic | psoriasis cytokines glucose transporters glut1 inflammation |
| url | https://www.cellphysiolbiochem.com/Articles/000615/index.html |
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