Design of Bipolar Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Techniques Using Phase Modulator for Polarization Coding in Wireless Optical Communication
In this study, a bipolar optical code-division multiple-access (Bi-OCDMA) technique based on spectral amplitude coding (SAC) was proposed by using a phase modulator to realize polarization coding through a free-space optical (FSO) channel. Various types of noise, such as amplified spontaneous emissi...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/13/5955 |
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| author | Eddy Wijanto Chun-Ming Huang |
| author_facet | Eddy Wijanto Chun-Ming Huang |
| author_sort | Eddy Wijanto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, a bipolar optical code-division multiple-access (Bi-OCDMA) technique based on spectral amplitude coding (SAC) was proposed by using a phase modulator to realize polarization coding through a free-space optical (FSO) channel. Various types of noise, such as amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise, thermal noise, and shot noise, were included in the simulation to approach the real application. The first simulation, utilizing a modified M-sequence as signature code, demonstrated that the proposed Bi-OCDMA system could be implemented in FSO communication. The proposed Bi-OCDMA scheme improves the transmission rate and power efficiency compared with the previous scheme. The structure of the proposed system alleviates multiple-access interference (MAI) with a simple and cost-effective design. The second simulation observed the performance of the proposed Bi-OCDMA for two users with several well-known SAC codes, i.e., multi-diagonal (MD) code, modified quadratic congruence (MQC) code, modified maximum length sequence (M-sequence) code, and Walsh–Hadamard code, in extreme weather conditions, both for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and turbulence-induced fading channel. The simulation results indicated that the Walsh–Hadamard code has superior performance compared to other codes. The results show the MD code can be implemented in the proposed Bi-OCDMA scheme for a medium-distance FSO. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:01:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3290efb78bcd4d28a9b0836714c785ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:01:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-3290efb78bcd4d28a9b0836714c785ab2023-11-22T01:54:18ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-06-011113595510.3390/app11135955Design of Bipolar Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Techniques Using Phase Modulator for Polarization Coding in Wireless Optical CommunicationEddy Wijanto0Chun-Ming Huang1Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin County 63201, TaiwanDepartment of Electronic Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin County 63201, TaiwanIn this study, a bipolar optical code-division multiple-access (Bi-OCDMA) technique based on spectral amplitude coding (SAC) was proposed by using a phase modulator to realize polarization coding through a free-space optical (FSO) channel. Various types of noise, such as amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise, thermal noise, and shot noise, were included in the simulation to approach the real application. The first simulation, utilizing a modified M-sequence as signature code, demonstrated that the proposed Bi-OCDMA system could be implemented in FSO communication. The proposed Bi-OCDMA scheme improves the transmission rate and power efficiency compared with the previous scheme. The structure of the proposed system alleviates multiple-access interference (MAI) with a simple and cost-effective design. The second simulation observed the performance of the proposed Bi-OCDMA for two users with several well-known SAC codes, i.e., multi-diagonal (MD) code, modified quadratic congruence (MQC) code, modified maximum length sequence (M-sequence) code, and Walsh–Hadamard code, in extreme weather conditions, both for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and turbulence-induced fading channel. The simulation results indicated that the Walsh–Hadamard code has superior performance compared to other codes. The results show the MD code can be implemented in the proposed Bi-OCDMA scheme for a medium-distance FSO.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/13/5955bipolarphase modulatorpolarization codingfree-space optical communicationmultiple-access interference (MAI)optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) |
| spellingShingle | Eddy Wijanto Chun-Ming Huang Design of Bipolar Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Techniques Using Phase Modulator for Polarization Coding in Wireless Optical Communication Applied Sciences bipolar phase modulator polarization coding free-space optical communication multiple-access interference (MAI) optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) |
| title | Design of Bipolar Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Techniques Using Phase Modulator for Polarization Coding in Wireless Optical Communication |
| title_full | Design of Bipolar Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Techniques Using Phase Modulator for Polarization Coding in Wireless Optical Communication |
| title_fullStr | Design of Bipolar Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Techniques Using Phase Modulator for Polarization Coding in Wireless Optical Communication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design of Bipolar Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Techniques Using Phase Modulator for Polarization Coding in Wireless Optical Communication |
| title_short | Design of Bipolar Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Techniques Using Phase Modulator for Polarization Coding in Wireless Optical Communication |
| title_sort | design of bipolar optical code division multiple access techniques using phase modulator for polarization coding in wireless optical communication |
| topic | bipolar phase modulator polarization coding free-space optical communication multiple-access interference (MAI) optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/13/5955 |
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