Artificial selection of the Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breeding
Semidwarf breeding has boosted crop production and is a well-known outcome from the first Green Revolution. The Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 (SD1), which modulates gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis, plays a principal role in determining rice plant height. Mutations in SD1 reduce rice plant hei...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Integrative Agriculture |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311923001351 |
| _version_ | 1797261828300996608 |
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| author | Shuliang Jiao Qinyan Li Fan Zhang Yonghong Tao Yingzhen Yu Fan Yao Qingmao Li Fengyi Hu Liyu Huang |
| author_facet | Shuliang Jiao Qinyan Li Fan Zhang Yonghong Tao Yingzhen Yu Fan Yao Qingmao Li Fengyi Hu Liyu Huang |
| author_sort | Shuliang Jiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Semidwarf breeding has boosted crop production and is a well-known outcome from the first Green Revolution. The Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 (SD1), which modulates gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis, plays a principal role in determining rice plant height. Mutations in SD1 reduce rice plant height and promote lodging resistance and fertilizer tolerance to increase grain production. The plant height mediated by SD1 also favors grain yield under certain conditions. However, it is not yet known whether the function of SD1 in upland rice promotes adaptation and grain production. In this study, the plant height and grain yield of irrigated and upland rice were comparatively analyzed under paddy and dryland conditions. In response to dryland environments, rice requires a reduction in plant height to cope with water deficits. Upland rice accessions had greater plant heights than their irrigated counterparts under both paddy and dryland conditions, and appropriately reducing plant height could improve adaptability to dryland environments and maintain high grain yield formation. Moreover, upland rice cultivars with thicker stem diameters had stronger lodging resistance, which addresses the lodging problem. Knockout of SD1 in the upland rice cultivar IRAT104 reduced the plant height and grain yield, demonstrating that the adjustment of plant height mediated by SD1 could increase grain production in dryland fields. In addition, an SD1 genetic diversity analysis verified that haplotype variation causes phenotypic variation in plant height. During the breeding history of rice, SD1 allelic mutations were selected from landraces to improve the grain yield of irrigated rice cultivars, and this selection was accompanied by a reduction in plant height. Thus, five known mutant alleles were analyzed to verify that functional SD1 is required for upland rice production. All these results suggest that SD1 might have undergone artificial positive selection in upland rice, which provides further insights concerning greater plant height in upland rice breeding. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:47:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-32944895f9564e4b86e7311362078b23 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2095-3119 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:47:25Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Integrative Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-32944895f9564e4b86e7311362078b232024-03-15T04:43:08ZengElsevierJournal of Integrative Agriculture2095-31192024-03-01233769780Artificial selection of the Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breedingShuliang Jiao0Qinyan Li1Fan Zhang2Yonghong Tao3Yingzhen Yu4Fan Yao5Qingmao Li6Fengyi Hu7Liyu Huang8Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaWenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan 663000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Correspondence Fengyi HuKey Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Correspondence Liyu Huang, Tel: +86-871-65031539Semidwarf breeding has boosted crop production and is a well-known outcome from the first Green Revolution. The Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 (SD1), which modulates gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis, plays a principal role in determining rice plant height. Mutations in SD1 reduce rice plant height and promote lodging resistance and fertilizer tolerance to increase grain production. The plant height mediated by SD1 also favors grain yield under certain conditions. However, it is not yet known whether the function of SD1 in upland rice promotes adaptation and grain production. In this study, the plant height and grain yield of irrigated and upland rice were comparatively analyzed under paddy and dryland conditions. In response to dryland environments, rice requires a reduction in plant height to cope with water deficits. Upland rice accessions had greater plant heights than their irrigated counterparts under both paddy and dryland conditions, and appropriately reducing plant height could improve adaptability to dryland environments and maintain high grain yield formation. Moreover, upland rice cultivars with thicker stem diameters had stronger lodging resistance, which addresses the lodging problem. Knockout of SD1 in the upland rice cultivar IRAT104 reduced the plant height and grain yield, demonstrating that the adjustment of plant height mediated by SD1 could increase grain production in dryland fields. In addition, an SD1 genetic diversity analysis verified that haplotype variation causes phenotypic variation in plant height. During the breeding history of rice, SD1 allelic mutations were selected from landraces to improve the grain yield of irrigated rice cultivars, and this selection was accompanied by a reduction in plant height. Thus, five known mutant alleles were analyzed to verify that functional SD1 is required for upland rice production. All these results suggest that SD1 might have undergone artificial positive selection in upland rice, which provides further insights concerning greater plant height in upland rice breeding.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311923001351Green RevolutionSemidwarf 1high-yield breedingupland riceplant height |
| spellingShingle | Shuliang Jiao Qinyan Li Fan Zhang Yonghong Tao Yingzhen Yu Fan Yao Qingmao Li Fengyi Hu Liyu Huang Artificial selection of the Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breeding Journal of Integrative Agriculture Green Revolution Semidwarf 1 high-yield breeding upland rice plant height |
| title | Artificial selection of the Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breeding |
| title_full | Artificial selection of the Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breeding |
| title_fullStr | Artificial selection of the Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breeding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Artificial selection of the Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breeding |
| title_short | Artificial selection of the Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breeding |
| title_sort | artificial selection of the green revolution gene semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breeding |
| topic | Green Revolution Semidwarf 1 high-yield breeding upland rice plant height |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311923001351 |
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