Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in north of Jordan
Abstract Background Hypoglycemia is a common complication of insulin therapy in patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Awareness of hypoglycemic symptoms helps patients to recognize hypoglycemia and initiate self-treatment. Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia (IAH) exposes patients to severe hy...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Endocrine Disorders |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12902-019-0441-9 |
| _version_ | 1818872849012621312 |
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| author | Mohammad J. Alkhatatbeh Nedaa A. Abdalqader Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah |
| author_facet | Mohammad J. Alkhatatbeh Nedaa A. Abdalqader Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah |
| author_sort | Mohammad J. Alkhatatbeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Hypoglycemia is a common complication of insulin therapy in patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Awareness of hypoglycemic symptoms helps patients to recognize hypoglycemia and initiate self-treatment. Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia (IAH) exposes patients to severe hypoglycemia, which could be associated with seizures and unconsciousness. This study aimed to assess IAH, frequency of hypoglycemia, severe hypoglycemia and intensity of hypoglycemic symptoms among children and adolescents with Type 1 DM in North of Jordan. Methods Data were collected from 94 children and adolescents with Type 1 DM. Clarke’s and Edinburgh surveys were used to assess IAH and individual symptoms of hypoglycemia, respectively. Frequency of hypoglycemia and other related information were obtained by self-reporting or from medical records. Results 16.0% of participants were having IAH, 66.0% of participants reported recurrent hypoglycemia (>once/month) and 18.0% of participants developed ≥1 severe hypoglycemia during the previous year. IAH was not associated with age, gender, duration of DM, HbA1c, insulin regimen, adherence to insulin or development of severe hypoglycemia (p-values> 0.05). Instead, IAH was associated with frequency of hypoglycemia during the previous 6 months (p-value< 0.01). Hunger, tiredness, dizziness, drowsiness, inability to concentrate, trembling and weakness were the most common symptoms felt by participants when they develop hypoglycemia. Hunger was the only common symptom that was significantly higher in children compared to adolescent (p-value < 0.01). Conclusions This study has reported low prevalence of IAH in children and adolescents with Type 1 DM in North of Jordan. IAH was more common in subjects with more frequent hypoglycemia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T12:45:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3294af65fbd347e9a2814201127edd25 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6823 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T12:45:20Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Endocrine Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-3294af65fbd347e9a2814201127edd252022-12-21T20:20:48ZengBMCBMC Endocrine Disorders1472-68232019-10-011911710.1186/s12902-019-0441-9Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in north of JordanMohammad J. Alkhatatbeh0Nedaa A. Abdalqader1Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and TechnologyAbstract Background Hypoglycemia is a common complication of insulin therapy in patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Awareness of hypoglycemic symptoms helps patients to recognize hypoglycemia and initiate self-treatment. Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia (IAH) exposes patients to severe hypoglycemia, which could be associated with seizures and unconsciousness. This study aimed to assess IAH, frequency of hypoglycemia, severe hypoglycemia and intensity of hypoglycemic symptoms among children and adolescents with Type 1 DM in North of Jordan. Methods Data were collected from 94 children and adolescents with Type 1 DM. Clarke’s and Edinburgh surveys were used to assess IAH and individual symptoms of hypoglycemia, respectively. Frequency of hypoglycemia and other related information were obtained by self-reporting or from medical records. Results 16.0% of participants were having IAH, 66.0% of participants reported recurrent hypoglycemia (>once/month) and 18.0% of participants developed ≥1 severe hypoglycemia during the previous year. IAH was not associated with age, gender, duration of DM, HbA1c, insulin regimen, adherence to insulin or development of severe hypoglycemia (p-values> 0.05). Instead, IAH was associated with frequency of hypoglycemia during the previous 6 months (p-value< 0.01). Hunger, tiredness, dizziness, drowsiness, inability to concentrate, trembling and weakness were the most common symptoms felt by participants when they develop hypoglycemia. Hunger was the only common symptom that was significantly higher in children compared to adolescent (p-value < 0.01). Conclusions This study has reported low prevalence of IAH in children and adolescents with Type 1 DM in North of Jordan. IAH was more common in subjects with more frequent hypoglycemia.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12902-019-0441-9AwarenessChildrenHypoglycemiaType 1 diabetes |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad J. Alkhatatbeh Nedaa A. Abdalqader Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in north of Jordan BMC Endocrine Disorders Awareness Children Hypoglycemia Type 1 diabetes |
| title | Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in north of Jordan |
| title_full | Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in north of Jordan |
| title_fullStr | Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in north of Jordan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in north of Jordan |
| title_short | Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in north of Jordan |
| title_sort | impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in north of jordan |
| topic | Awareness Children Hypoglycemia Type 1 diabetes |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12902-019-0441-9 |
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