Deletion of the Neuronal Transcription Factor Satb1 Induced Disturbance of the Kinome and Mechanisms of Hypoxic Preconditioning
Genetic disorders affecting the functioning of the brain lead not only to the development of numerous hereditary diseases but also to the development of neurodegenerative and cognitive disorders. The result of this may be the disability of part of the able-bodied population. Almost all pathological...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| author | Egor A. Turovsky Viktor S. Tarabykin Elena G. Varlamova |
| author_facet | Egor A. Turovsky Viktor S. Tarabykin Elena G. Varlamova |
| author_sort | Egor A. Turovsky |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Genetic disorders affecting the functioning of the brain lead not only to the development of numerous hereditary diseases but also to the development of neurodegenerative and cognitive disorders. The result of this may be the disability of part of the able-bodied population. Almost all pathological states of the brain are characterized by serious defects in the intracellular and intercellular signaling of neurons and glial cells. At the same time, the mechanisms of disruption of these signaling cascades are not well understood due to the large number of molecules, including transcription factors that, when mutated, cause brain malformations. The transcription factor Satb1 is one of the least studied factors in the cerebral cortex, and the effects of its deletion in the postnatal brain are practically not studied. Hyperexcitability of neurons is observed in many genetic diseases of the nervous system (Hirschsprung’s disease, Martin–Bell syndrome, Huntington’s disease, Alzheimer’s, etc.), as well as in ischemic brain phenomena and convulsive and epileptic conditions of the brain. In turn, all these disorders of brain physiology are associated with defects in intracellular and intercellular signaling and are often the result of genetic disorders. Using Satb1 mutant mice and calcium neuroimaging, we show that Satb1 deletion in projection neurons of the neocortex causes downregulation of protein kinases PKC, CaMKII, and AKT/PKB, while a partial deletion does not cause a dramatic disruption of kinome and Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling. As a result, Satb1-null neurons are characterized by increased spontaneous Ca<sup>2+</sup> activity and hyperexcitability when modeling epileptiform activity. As a result of the deletion of Satb1, preconditioning mechanisms are disrupted in neurons during episodes of hypoxia. This occurs against the background of increased sensitivity of neurons to a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen, which may indicate the vulnerability of neuronal networks and be accompanied by impaired expression of the Satb1 transcription factor. Here, we show that Satb1 deletion impaired the expression of a number of key kinases and neuronal hyperexcitation in models of epileptiform activity and hypoxia. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:01:11Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-32a1948498114de5bbe9c18f2f63f9432023-11-19T09:38:32ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372023-09-01129120710.3390/biology12091207Deletion of the Neuronal Transcription Factor Satb1 Induced Disturbance of the Kinome and Mechanisms of Hypoxic PreconditioningEgor A. Turovsky0Viktor S. Tarabykin1Elena G. Varlamova2Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, RussiaInstitute of Neuroscience, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaInstitute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, RussiaGenetic disorders affecting the functioning of the brain lead not only to the development of numerous hereditary diseases but also to the development of neurodegenerative and cognitive disorders. The result of this may be the disability of part of the able-bodied population. Almost all pathological states of the brain are characterized by serious defects in the intracellular and intercellular signaling of neurons and glial cells. At the same time, the mechanisms of disruption of these signaling cascades are not well understood due to the large number of molecules, including transcription factors that, when mutated, cause brain malformations. The transcription factor Satb1 is one of the least studied factors in the cerebral cortex, and the effects of its deletion in the postnatal brain are practically not studied. Hyperexcitability of neurons is observed in many genetic diseases of the nervous system (Hirschsprung’s disease, Martin–Bell syndrome, Huntington’s disease, Alzheimer’s, etc.), as well as in ischemic brain phenomena and convulsive and epileptic conditions of the brain. In turn, all these disorders of brain physiology are associated with defects in intracellular and intercellular signaling and are often the result of genetic disorders. Using Satb1 mutant mice and calcium neuroimaging, we show that Satb1 deletion in projection neurons of the neocortex causes downregulation of protein kinases PKC, CaMKII, and AKT/PKB, while a partial deletion does not cause a dramatic disruption of kinome and Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling. As a result, Satb1-null neurons are characterized by increased spontaneous Ca<sup>2+</sup> activity and hyperexcitability when modeling epileptiform activity. As a result of the deletion of Satb1, preconditioning mechanisms are disrupted in neurons during episodes of hypoxia. This occurs against the background of increased sensitivity of neurons to a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen, which may indicate the vulnerability of neuronal networks and be accompanied by impaired expression of the Satb1 transcription factor. Here, we show that Satb1 deletion impaired the expression of a number of key kinases and neuronal hyperexcitation in models of epileptiform activity and hypoxia.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/9/1207Satb1calcium ionsprotein kinasesgene deletionneuronscortex |
| spellingShingle | Egor A. Turovsky Viktor S. Tarabykin Elena G. Varlamova Deletion of the Neuronal Transcription Factor Satb1 Induced Disturbance of the Kinome and Mechanisms of Hypoxic Preconditioning Biology Satb1 calcium ions protein kinases gene deletion neurons cortex |
| title | Deletion of the Neuronal Transcription Factor Satb1 Induced Disturbance of the Kinome and Mechanisms of Hypoxic Preconditioning |
| title_full | Deletion of the Neuronal Transcription Factor Satb1 Induced Disturbance of the Kinome and Mechanisms of Hypoxic Preconditioning |
| title_fullStr | Deletion of the Neuronal Transcription Factor Satb1 Induced Disturbance of the Kinome and Mechanisms of Hypoxic Preconditioning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deletion of the Neuronal Transcription Factor Satb1 Induced Disturbance of the Kinome and Mechanisms of Hypoxic Preconditioning |
| title_short | Deletion of the Neuronal Transcription Factor Satb1 Induced Disturbance of the Kinome and Mechanisms of Hypoxic Preconditioning |
| title_sort | deletion of the neuronal transcription factor satb1 induced disturbance of the kinome and mechanisms of hypoxic preconditioning |
| topic | Satb1 calcium ions protein kinases gene deletion neurons cortex |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/9/1207 |
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