Linking Critical Zone With Watershed Science: The Example of the Heihe River Basin
Abstract Watersheds are the basic unit of Earth's terrestrial systems and are therefore ideal units for the study of critical zones (CZs). However, grand challenges remain regarding the observation, modeling, and management of CZs and watershed systems. We synthesize the progress and breakthrou...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Earth's Future |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EF002966 |
| _version_ | 1797393183682854912 |
|---|---|
| author | Xin Li Guodong Cheng Bojie Fu Jun Xia Ling Zhang Dawen Yang Chunmiao Zheng Shaomin Liu Xiubin Li Changqing Song Shaozhong Kang Xiaoyan Li Tao Che Yi Zheng Yanzhao Zhou Haibo Wang Youhua Ran |
| author_facet | Xin Li Guodong Cheng Bojie Fu Jun Xia Ling Zhang Dawen Yang Chunmiao Zheng Shaomin Liu Xiubin Li Changqing Song Shaozhong Kang Xiaoyan Li Tao Che Yi Zheng Yanzhao Zhou Haibo Wang Youhua Ran |
| author_sort | Xin Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Watersheds are the basic unit of Earth's terrestrial systems and are therefore ideal units for the study of critical zones (CZs). However, grand challenges remain regarding the observation, modeling, and management of CZs and watershed systems. We synthesize the progress and breakthroughs associated with watershed science and CZ research in the Heihe River basin (HRB), a large‐scale endorheic river basin with unique mountain cryosphere‐oasis‐desert landscapes and prominent human‐nature competition for water resources. The HRB observation system consists of mountain cryosphere, agricultural oasis, and natural oasis observatories and is promoted by large‐scale comprehensive experiments to achieve multiscale observations. A watershed system model that couples ecohydrological models with socioeconomic models is developed to investigate the complex interactions among water, ecology, and socioeconomics in the HRB. The model is embedded in a decision support system to bridge science and decision‐making and to better serve river basin sustainability. Significant progress and breakthroughs have been made in CZ and watershed process research (e.g., cryospheric hydrological processes, ecological and hydrological interactions, and surface‐groundwater interactions) in the HRB. Nevertheless, observation and modeling of geochemical and geomorphological processes in the CZ have not been well addressed in integrated watershed studies of the HRB. In the future, new observation technologies, agent‐based models, machine learning, and data assimilation will benefit both watershed science and CZ science and help to address complexity and dynamics in the CZ at the river basin scale. Overall, the HRB has successfully demonstrated how an experimental river basin can link CZ science with watershed science. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T23:58:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-32a419f981f94c828e18d777a5b86e62 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2328-4277 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T23:58:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth's Future |
| spelling | doaj.art-32a419f981f94c828e18d777a5b86e622023-12-12T22:01:39ZengWileyEarth's Future2328-42772022-11-011011n/an/a10.1029/2022EF002966Linking Critical Zone With Watershed Science: The Example of the Heihe River BasinXin Li0Guodong Cheng1Bojie Fu2Jun Xia3Ling Zhang4Dawen Yang5Chunmiao Zheng6Shaomin Liu7Xiubin Li8Changqing Song9Shaozhong Kang10Xiaoyan Li11Tao Che12Yi Zheng13Yanzhao Zhou14Haibo Wang15Youhua Ran16State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources National Tibetan Plateau Data Center Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou ChinaState Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco‐Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Wuhan ChinaNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou ChinaDepartment of Hydraulic Engineering State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen ChinaState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Beijing ChinaInstitute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Beijing ChinaCenter for Agricultural Water Research in China China Agricultural University Beijing ChinaState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Beijing ChinaNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources National Tibetan Plateau Data Center Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou ChinaNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou ChinaAbstract Watersheds are the basic unit of Earth's terrestrial systems and are therefore ideal units for the study of critical zones (CZs). However, grand challenges remain regarding the observation, modeling, and management of CZs and watershed systems. We synthesize the progress and breakthroughs associated with watershed science and CZ research in the Heihe River basin (HRB), a large‐scale endorheic river basin with unique mountain cryosphere‐oasis‐desert landscapes and prominent human‐nature competition for water resources. The HRB observation system consists of mountain cryosphere, agricultural oasis, and natural oasis observatories and is promoted by large‐scale comprehensive experiments to achieve multiscale observations. A watershed system model that couples ecohydrological models with socioeconomic models is developed to investigate the complex interactions among water, ecology, and socioeconomics in the HRB. The model is embedded in a decision support system to bridge science and decision‐making and to better serve river basin sustainability. Significant progress and breakthroughs have been made in CZ and watershed process research (e.g., cryospheric hydrological processes, ecological and hydrological interactions, and surface‐groundwater interactions) in the HRB. Nevertheless, observation and modeling of geochemical and geomorphological processes in the CZ have not been well addressed in integrated watershed studies of the HRB. In the future, new observation technologies, agent‐based models, machine learning, and data assimilation will benefit both watershed science and CZ science and help to address complexity and dynamics in the CZ at the river basin scale. Overall, the HRB has successfully demonstrated how an experimental river basin can link CZ science with watershed science.https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EF002966watershed sciencecritical zoneobservationremote sensingwatershed system modeldata assimilation |
| spellingShingle | Xin Li Guodong Cheng Bojie Fu Jun Xia Ling Zhang Dawen Yang Chunmiao Zheng Shaomin Liu Xiubin Li Changqing Song Shaozhong Kang Xiaoyan Li Tao Che Yi Zheng Yanzhao Zhou Haibo Wang Youhua Ran Linking Critical Zone With Watershed Science: The Example of the Heihe River Basin Earth's Future watershed science critical zone observation remote sensing watershed system model data assimilation |
| title | Linking Critical Zone With Watershed Science: The Example of the Heihe River Basin |
| title_full | Linking Critical Zone With Watershed Science: The Example of the Heihe River Basin |
| title_fullStr | Linking Critical Zone With Watershed Science: The Example of the Heihe River Basin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Linking Critical Zone With Watershed Science: The Example of the Heihe River Basin |
| title_short | Linking Critical Zone With Watershed Science: The Example of the Heihe River Basin |
| title_sort | linking critical zone with watershed science the example of the heihe river basin |
| topic | watershed science critical zone observation remote sensing watershed system model data assimilation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EF002966 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xinli linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT guodongcheng linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT bojiefu linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT junxia linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT lingzhang linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT dawenyang linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT chunmiaozheng linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT shaominliu linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT xiubinli linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT changqingsong linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT shaozhongkang linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT xiaoyanli linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT taoche linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT yizheng linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT yanzhaozhou linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT haibowang linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin AT youhuaran linkingcriticalzonewithwatershedsciencetheexampleoftheheiheriverbasin |