Model for Risk Calculation and Reliability Comparison of Level Crossings

There is not a single country in the world that is so rich that it can remove all level crossings or provide their denivelation in order to absolutely avoid the possibility of accidents at the intersections of railways and road traffic. In the Republic of Serbia alone, the largest number of accident...

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Main Authors: Pamela Ercegovac, Gordan Stojić, Miloš Kopić, Željko Stević, Feta Sinani, Ilija Tanackov
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-09-01
Series:Entropy
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/9/1230
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author Pamela Ercegovac
Gordan Stojić
Miloš Kopić
Željko Stević
Feta Sinani
Ilija Tanackov
author_facet Pamela Ercegovac
Gordan Stojić
Miloš Kopić
Željko Stević
Feta Sinani
Ilija Tanackov
author_sort Pamela Ercegovac
collection DOAJ
description There is not a single country in the world that is so rich that it can remove all level crossings or provide their denivelation in order to absolutely avoid the possibility of accidents at the intersections of railways and road traffic. In the Republic of Serbia alone, the largest number of accidents occur at passive crossings, which make up three-quarters of the total number of crossings. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly find solutions to the problem of priorities when choosing level crossings where it is necessary to raise the level of security, primarily by analyzing the risk and reliability at all level crossings. This paper presents a model that enables this. The calculation of the maximal risk of a level crossing is achieved under the conditions of generating the maximum entropy in the virtual operating mode. The basis of the model is a heterogeneous queuing system. Maximum entropy is based on the mandatory application of an exponential distribution. The system is Markovian and is solved by a standard analytical concept. The basic input parameters for the calculation of the maximal risk are the geometric characteristics of the level crossing and the intensities and structure of the flows of road and railway vehicles. The real risk is based on statistical records of accidents and flow intensities. The exact reliability of the level crossing is calculated from the ratio of real and maximal risk, which enables their further comparison in order to raise the level of safety, and that is the basic idea of this paper.
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spelling doaj.art-32b5b135a7e6486f9d1a8ce324f161f92023-11-22T12:58:40ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002021-09-01239123010.3390/e23091230Model for Risk Calculation and Reliability Comparison of Level CrossingsPamela Ercegovac0Gordan Stojić1Miloš Kopić2Željko Stević3Feta Sinani4Ilija Tanackov5Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaFaculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering Doboj, University of East Sarajevo, Vojvode Mišića 52, 74000 Doboj, Bosnia and HerzegovinaFaculty of Applied Sciences, State University of Tetova, Ilindenska, 1000 Tetovo, North MacedoniaFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaThere is not a single country in the world that is so rich that it can remove all level crossings or provide their denivelation in order to absolutely avoid the possibility of accidents at the intersections of railways and road traffic. In the Republic of Serbia alone, the largest number of accidents occur at passive crossings, which make up three-quarters of the total number of crossings. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly find solutions to the problem of priorities when choosing level crossings where it is necessary to raise the level of security, primarily by analyzing the risk and reliability at all level crossings. This paper presents a model that enables this. The calculation of the maximal risk of a level crossing is achieved under the conditions of generating the maximum entropy in the virtual operating mode. The basis of the model is a heterogeneous queuing system. Maximum entropy is based on the mandatory application of an exponential distribution. The system is Markovian and is solved by a standard analytical concept. The basic input parameters for the calculation of the maximal risk are the geometric characteristics of the level crossing and the intensities and structure of the flows of road and railway vehicles. The real risk is based on statistical records of accidents and flow intensities. The exact reliability of the level crossing is calculated from the ratio of real and maximal risk, which enables their further comparison in order to raise the level of safety, and that is the basic idea of this paper.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/9/1230riskreliabilitylevel crossingsqueueing theoryaccidententropy
spellingShingle Pamela Ercegovac
Gordan Stojić
Miloš Kopić
Željko Stević
Feta Sinani
Ilija Tanackov
Model for Risk Calculation and Reliability Comparison of Level Crossings
Entropy
risk
reliability
level crossings
queueing theory
accident
entropy
title Model for Risk Calculation and Reliability Comparison of Level Crossings
title_full Model for Risk Calculation and Reliability Comparison of Level Crossings
title_fullStr Model for Risk Calculation and Reliability Comparison of Level Crossings
title_full_unstemmed Model for Risk Calculation and Reliability Comparison of Level Crossings
title_short Model for Risk Calculation and Reliability Comparison of Level Crossings
title_sort model for risk calculation and reliability comparison of level crossings
topic risk
reliability
level crossings
queueing theory
accident
entropy
url https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/9/1230
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AT zeljkostevic modelforriskcalculationandreliabilitycomparisonoflevelcrossings
AT fetasinani modelforriskcalculationandreliabilitycomparisonoflevelcrossings
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